20 new English words for 31 July 2026, each with its meaning, Hindi meaning, synonyms, antonyms and an example sentence. Learn them today and revise them with the daily quiz — useful for SSC, Bank, Railway, UPSC and IELTS.

1 Stochastic (adjective)

Stochastic - Randomly determined; involving a process governed by probability.

Randomly determined; involving a process governed by probability.

Hindi meaning: यादृच्छिक

Synonyms: Random, Probabilistic, Unpredictable, Chance-based

Antonyms: Deterministic, Predictable, Certain, Systematic

Example: The researchers used a stochastic model to predict changes in the financial market.

Trick: Stochastic sounds like stock market, where changes are often random and unpredictable.

2 Vellum (noun)

Vellum - Fine-quality parchment made from animal skin, traditionally used for writing or printing.

Fine-quality parchment made from animal skin, traditionally used for writing or printing.

Hindi meaning: चर्मपत्र

Synonyms: Parchment, Manuscript Paper, Writing Skin, Calfskin

Antonyms: Ordinary Paper, Rough Paper, Synthetic Sheet, Coarse Material

Example: The ancient royal decree was carefully written on vellum.

Trick: Vellum is a valuable old writing material used before modern paper became common.

3 Atomize (verb)

Atomize - To reduce a substance into very small particles or a fine spray.

To reduce a substance into very small particles or a fine spray.

Hindi meaning: सूक्ष्म कणों में विभाजित करना

Synonyms: Pulverize, Fragment, Spray, Disintegrate

Antonyms: Combine, Consolidate, Assemble, Unify

Example: The machine atomizes the liquid into a fine mist.

Trick: Atomize means making something as tiny as atoms.

4 Zodiacal (adjective)

Zodiacal - Relating to the zodiac or the twelve astrological signs.

Relating to the zodiac or the twelve astrological signs.

Hindi meaning: राशिचक्र संबंधी

Synonyms: Astrological, Celestial, Horoscopic, Astral

Antonyms: Terrestrial, Earthly, Noncelestial, Nonzodiacal

Example: The ancient temple contained several zodiacal symbols on its ceiling.

Trick: Zodiacal directly comes from zodiac, so it relates to zodiac signs.

5 Carapace (noun)

Carapace - A hard protective shell covering the back of animals such as turtles, crabs and insects.

A hard protective shell covering the back of animals such as turtles, crabs and insects.

Hindi meaning: कठोर बाहरी कवच

Synonyms: Shell, Armour, Shield, Exoskeleton

Antonyms: Exposure, Vulnerability, Softness, Defencelessness

Example: The turtle withdrew its head beneath its strong carapace.

Trick: A carapace is like a protective armour-case carried by an animal.

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6 Chrysalis (noun)

Chrysalis - The protected stage in which a caterpillar transforms into a butterfly or moth.

The protected stage in which a caterpillar transforms into a butterfly or moth.

Hindi meaning: कोषस्थ अवस्था

Synonyms: Pupa, Cocoon, Pupal Case, Transformation Stage

Antonyms: Adult, Maturity, Emergence, Exposure

Example: After several days, a colourful butterfly emerged from the chrysalis.

Trick: Chrysalis is the changing room where a caterpillar becomes a butterfly.

7 Troubleshoot (verb)

Troubleshoot - To identify and solve problems in a machine, system or process.

To identify and solve problems in a machine, system or process.

Hindi meaning: समस्या का पता लगाकर समाधान करना

Synonyms: Diagnose, Repair, Debug, Resolve

Antonyms: Damage, Disrupt, Complicate, Ignore

Example: The technician was called to troubleshoot the faulty computer network.

Trick: Troubleshoot means shoot down the trouble by finding and fixing it.

8 Moonlight (noun)

Moonlight - The natural light reflected from the moon.

The natural light reflected from the moon.

Hindi meaning: चाँदनी

Synonyms: Lunar Light, Moonbeam, Moonshine, Lunar Glow

Antonyms: Darkness, Blackness, Shadow, Gloom

Example: The lake shimmered beautifully in the soft moonlight.

Trick: Moonlight simply means the soft light coming from the moon.

9 Oncology (noun)

Oncology - The branch of medicine concerned with the study, diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

The branch of medicine concerned with the study, diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Hindi meaning: कैंसर विज्ञान

Synonyms: Cancer Medicine, Cancer Study, Tumour Medicine, Cancer Treatment

Antonyms: Wellness, Health, Remission, Recovery

Example: She decided to specialise in oncology after completing medical school.

Trick: Oncology contains onco, which relates to tumours and cancer.

10 Benthic (adjective)

Benthic - Relating to or living at the bottom of a sea, lake or other body of water.

Relating to or living at the bottom of a sea, lake or other body of water.

Hindi meaning: जलाशय के तल से संबंधित

Synonyms: Bottom-dwelling, Seabed, Deep-water, Demersal

Antonyms: Pelagic, Surface-dwelling, Terrestrial, Aerial

Example: Many benthic organisms live on the muddy floor of the ocean.

Trick: Benthic creatures remain beneath the water, close to the bottom.

11 Cupola (noun)

Cupola - A small dome forming a roof or ceiling, especially on top of a building.

A small dome forming a roof or ceiling, especially on top of a building.

Hindi meaning: गुंबद

Synonyms: Dome, Vault, Canopy, Rotunda

Antonyms: Base, Foundation, Floor, Bottom

Example: A golden cupola crowned the historic building.

Trick: Cupola sounds like cup; imagine an upside-down cup-shaped dome on a building.

12 Exfoliate (verb)

Exfoliate - To remove dead cells from the surface of the skin or to shed an outer layer.

To remove dead cells from the surface of the skin or to shed an outer layer.

Hindi meaning: मृत त्वचा हटाना

Synonyms: Peel, Shed, Flake, Slough

Antonyms: Cover, Coat, Accumulate, Retain

Example: This gentle scrub helps exfoliate the skin without causing irritation.

Trick: Exfoliate means exit the old flakes from the skin.

13 Gelatinous (adjective)

Gelatinous - Having a soft, thick and jelly-like consistency.

Having a soft, thick and jelly-like consistency.

Hindi meaning: जेली जैसा

Synonyms: Jellylike, Gummy, Viscous, Glutinous

Antonyms: Solid, Rigid, Brittle, Firm

Example: The sea creature had a transparent, gelatinous body.

Trick: Gelatinous contains gelatin, so remember something soft and jelly-like.

14 Isotope (noun)

Isotope - A form of a chemical element having the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

A form of a chemical element having the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

Hindi meaning: समस्थानिक

Synonyms: Nuclide, Atomic Variant, Elemental Variant, Nuclear Species

Antonyms: Isobar, Isotone, Isomer, Identical Nuclide

Example: Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope used to determine the age of ancient objects.

Trick: Isotopes have the same spot in the periodic table but different neutron numbers.

15 Teleology (noun)

Teleology - The explanation of something in terms of its purpose or intended result.

The explanation of something in terms of its purpose or intended result.

Hindi meaning: प्रयोजनवाद

Synonyms: Purposefulness, Finalism, Goal-Orientation, Design

Antonyms: Randomness, Aimlessness, Mechanism, Chance

Example: The philosopher used teleology to explain nature as being directed towards a final purpose.

Trick: Teleology is the logic of the telos, meaning the final goal or purpose.

16 Liquefy (verb)

Liquefy - To make or become liquid.

To make or become liquid.

Hindi meaning: द्रव में बदलना

Synonyms: Melt, Dissolve, Fluidize, Thaw

Antonyms: Solidify, Freeze, Harden, Congeal

Example: Intense heat can liquefy certain metals.

Trick: Liquefy means to make something liquid.

17 Systolic (adjective)

Systolic - Relating to the phase of the heartbeat when the heart contracts and pumps blood.

Relating to the phase of the heartbeat when the heart contracts and pumps blood.

Hindi meaning: हृदय-संकुचन संबंधी

Synonyms: Contractile, Contraction-Related, Pumping, Cardiac

Antonyms: Diastolic, Relaxed, Expansive, Dilatory

Example: The doctor recorded his systolic blood pressure as 120 millimetres of mercury.

Trick: Systolic starts with S like squeeze; the heart squeezes to pump blood.

18 Dendrite (noun)

Dendrite - A branched extension of a nerve cell that receives signals from other cells.

A branched extension of a nerve cell that receives signals from other cells.

Hindi meaning: तंत्रिका कोशिका की शाखा

Synonyms: Neuronal Branch, Nerve Projection, Cytoplasmic Process, Receptive Process

Antonyms: Axon, Cell Body, Terminal, Soma

Example: Each dendrite receives electrical signals from neighbouring neurons.

Trick: Dendrite looks like a tree branch that receives messages for a neuron.

19 Enjambment (noun)

Enjambment - The continuation of a sentence beyond the end of a poetic line without a pause.

The continuation of a sentence beyond the end of a poetic line without a pause.

Hindi meaning: पंक्ति-अतिक्रमण

Synonyms: Run-On Line, Line Continuation, Overflow, Continuation

Antonyms: End-Stopping, Pause, Closure, Caesura

Example: The poet used enjambment to maintain the rhythm and flow of the poem.

Trick: Enjambment means the sentence jumps from one poetic line to the next.

20 Levitate (verb)

Levitate - To rise or cause something to rise and float in the air without visible support.

To rise or cause something to rise and float in the air without visible support.

Hindi meaning: हवा में उठना

Synonyms: Hover, Float, Rise, Suspend

Antonyms: Descend, Sink, Drop, Fall

Example: The magician appeared to levitate above the stage.

Trick: Levitate sounds like leave the ground and float in the air.

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