20 new English words for 21 December 2016, each with its meaning, Hindi meaning, synonyms, antonyms and an example sentence. Learn them today and revise them with the daily quiz — useful for SSC, Bank, Railway, UPSC and IELTS.

1 Adjudicate (Verb)

Adjudicate - Make a formal judgment on a disputed matter. / pronounce or declare judicially.

Make a formal judgment on a disputed matter. / pronounce or declare judicially.

Hindi meaning: निर्णय करना/फैसला करना

Synonyms: Arbitrate, Judge, Adjudge, Decide, Determine

Antonyms: Defer, Ignore, Dodge

Example: The administrative board will <strong>adjudicate</strong> on the terms of the engineer’s suspension for misconduct.

2 Ad hoc (adjective)

Ad hoc - For or concerned with one specific purpose. / created or done for a particular purpose as necessary.

For or concerned with one specific purpose. / created or done for a particular purpose as necessary.

Hindi meaning: विशेष/किसी ख़ास स्थिति के लिए

Synonyms: Impromptu, Extemporaneous, Emergency, Specific

Antonyms: General, Usual, Common, Regular

Example: The collaboration among the teachers is an <strong>ad hoc</strong> project designed to improve student morale.

3 Subsume (Verb)

Subsume - Encompass as a subordinate or component element./ to include or place within something larger or more comprehensive.

Encompass as a subordinate or component element./ to include or place within something larger or more comprehensive.

Hindi meaning: के अंतर्गत करना/सम्मिलित करना

Synonyms: Contain, Incorporate, Involve, Include, Encompass

Antonyms: Exclude, Disengage, Isolate

Example: Games and team sports are <strong>subsumed</strong> under the classification of “recreation”.

4 Verdict (noun)

Verdict - An opinion or judgment.

An opinion or judgment.

Hindi meaning: फैसला /निर्णय

Synonyms: Decision, Judgment, Ruling, Adjudication, Conclusion, decree

Antonyms: Accusation, Allegations

Example: Everyone was expecting a guilty <strong>verdict, </strong> but the severity of the sentence was somewhat of a surprise.

5 Unfettered (adjective)

Unfettered - Not confined or restrained.

Not confined or restrained.

Hindi meaning: निरंकुश

Synonyms: Free, Loose, Liberated, Allowed, Unrestrained, Unrestricted, Unconstrained, Unconfined, Unimpeded

Antonyms: Restricted, Fettered, Restrained, Confined

Example: Illegal drug sales go <strong>unfettered</strong> under the ignorant eyes of the crooked sheriff.

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6 Litigation (noun)

Litigation - The process of taking legal action.

The process of taking legal action.

Hindi meaning: मुकदमा

Synonyms: Lawsuit, Case, Prosecution, Exordium, Judicial Proceeding

Antonyms: Ignorance

Example: We will have to <strong>litigate</strong> the matter if we face further harassment from opposition party.

7 Apportion (Verb)

Apportion - Divide up and share out./ distribute according to a plan.

Divide up and share out./ distribute according to a plan.

Hindi meaning: विभाजित करना/बांटना

Synonyms: Share Out, Divide, Allocate, Distribute, Allot, Dispense

Antonyms: Keep, Withhold, Combine, Deny, Hold

Example: The charity will <strong>apportion</strong> funds in a manner that will allow it to feed as many people as possible.

8 Riparian (adjective)

Riparian  - Relating to or situated on the banks of a river.

Relating to or situated on the banks of a river.

Hindi meaning: तटवर्ती/तटीय

Synonyms: Onshore, Coastal, Circumlittoral, Inshore, Riverian

Antonyms: Deserty

Example: The <strong>Riparian</strong> areas are generally most prolific one due to alluvial soil.

9 Agrarian (adjective)

Agrarian - Relating to cultivated land or the cultivation of land.

Relating to cultivated land or the cultivation of land.

Hindi meaning: कृषि संम्बन्धी

Synonyms: Agricultural, Natural, Peasant, Rustic, Uncultivated, Predial

Antonyms: Industrial

Example: In the <strong>agrarian</strong> industry, the farmers nurture the land because it is the source of their incomes.

10 Partisan (adjective)

Partisan - Prejudiced in favor of a particular cause.

Prejudiced in favor of a particular cause.

Hindi meaning: पक्षपातपूर्ण

Synonyms: Biased, Prejudiced, One-Sided, Discriminatory, Preferential, Partial

Antonyms: Fair, Unbiased, Neutral, Impartial, Equitable

Example: The <strong>partisan</strong> press members made a point of criticizing every move the president made.

11 Elite (noun)

Elite - A person   or group of persons who by virtue of position or education exercise much power or influence.

A person or group of persons who by virtue of position or education exercise much power or influence.

Hindi meaning: विशिष्ट/उत्कृष्ट

Synonyms: Noble, Picked, Elected, Selected

Antonyms: Inferior, Common, Lower, Ordinary, Low-Class

Example: With this goal, he joins the <strong>elite</strong> group of those players who have scored over 1,000 points in their career.

12 Propaganda (noun)

Propaganda - Information that is spread for the purpose of promoting some cause.

Information that is spread for the purpose of promoting some cause.

Hindi meaning: मत प्रचार

Synonyms: Advertising, Publicity, Advocacy, Dissemination, Promulgation

Antonyms: Truth, Reality

Example: During election season, politicians often try and beat their rivals by airing <strong>propaganda</strong> on television.

13 Ethnicity (noun)

Ethnicity - The fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition.

The fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition.

Hindi meaning: जातीयता

Synonyms: Nationality, Race, Back, Ground, Identity, Origin

Example: His <strong>ethnicity</strong> is unclear, he has both Asian and African features.

14 Dilemma (noun)

Dilemma - A situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two or more alternatives, especially ones that are equally undesirable.

A situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two or more alternatives, especially ones that are equally undesirable.

Hindi meaning: असमंजस/दुविधा

Synonyms: Confusion, Abeyance, Irresoluteness, Quandary, Predicament, Puzzle, Conundrum

Antonyms: Clarity, Straightness, Directive

Example: Our teacher presented us with a <strong>dilemma</strong> when he shared that we could choose where to take our yearly field trip.

15 Impasse (noun)

Impasse  - A situation in which no progress is possible, especially because of disagreement.

A situation in which no progress is possible, especially because of disagreement.

Hindi meaning: कठिन स्थिति

Synonyms: Deadlock, Dead End, Stalemate, Checkmate, Stand-Off, Standstill, Halt

Antonyms: Solution, Boon, Agreement, Breakthrough

Example: The court ended in an <strong>impasse</strong> when the members could not break a tie vote on the defendant’s guilt.

16 Subterfuge (noun)

Subterfuge - The action of deceiving; misrepresentation/ deceit used in order to achieve one's goal.

The action of deceiving; misrepresentation/ deceit used in order to achieve one's goal.

Hindi meaning: चाल/दांव

Synonyms: Trickery, Deviousness, Deceit, Deception, Dishonesty, Cheating, Duplicity, Guile

Antonyms: Fairness, Honesty, Openness, Reality, Sincerity, Truthfulness

Example: Investigators often resort to <strong>subterfuge</strong> in an attempt to make criminals admit wrongdoing.

17 Confluence (noun)

Confluence - An act or process of merging. / a circumstance where two things merge or occur simultaneously.

An act or process of merging. / a circumstance where two things merge or occur simultaneously.

Hindi meaning: मेल/संगम

Synonyms: Assemblage, Junction, Merging, Concourse, Concurrence, Conflux

Antonyms: Division, Separation, Parting

Example: The <strong>confluence</strong> of warm and cold temperatures is going to create a powerful storm.

18 Rhetoric (adjective)

Rhetoric - Study of the technique and rules for using language effectively, the art of speaking.

Study of the technique and rules for using language effectively, the art of speaking.

Hindi meaning: शब्दाडंबरपूर्ण/वक्रपटुता

Synonyms: Hyperbole, Oratory, Balderdash, Linguistic, Elocution

Antonyms: Quiet, Conciseness

Example: If someone does not stop the political <strong>rhetoric</strong> in the country, a civil war is likely to break out soon.

19 Emanate (Verb)

Emanate - Originate from; be produced by./ to come out from a source.

Originate from; be produced by./ to come out from a source.

Hindi meaning: निर्गत होना/उत्पन्न या उद्धभव होना

Synonyms: Arise, Derive, Emerge, Emit, Exude Originate, Initiate

Antonyms: Conceal, Hold, Keep, Take, Withdraw

Example: After the hurricane, the east coast insurance office will process any claims that <strong>emanate</strong> from within the southern portion of the United States.

20 Cogent (adjective)

Cogent - Very clear and easy for the mind to accept and believe with impact.

Very clear and easy for the mind to accept and believe with impact.

Hindi meaning: प्रभावशाली/ ठोस

Synonyms: Convincing, Firm, Solid, Persuasive

Antonyms: Ineffective, Weak, Unimportant

Example: The politician's <strong>cogent</strong> argument against the war won him many votes in the election.

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