IBPS PO – IBPS PO TEST - 14

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.<br><br> Archaeology as a profession faces two major problems. First, it is the poorest of the poor. Only paltry sums are available for excavating and even less is available for publishing the results and preserving the sites once excavated. Yet archaeologists deal with priceless objects every day. Second, there is the problem of illegal excavation, resulting in museum­quality pieces being sold to the highest bidder. <br><br> I would like to make an <strong>outrageous</strong> suggestion that would at one stroke provide funds for archaeology and reduce the amount of <strong>illegal</strong> digging. I would propose that scientific archeological <strong>expeditions</strong> and governmental authorities sell excavated artifacts on the open market. Such sales would provide <strong>substantial</strong> funds for the excavation and preservation of archaeological sites and the publication of results. At the same time, they would break the illegal excavator's grip on the market, thereby decreasing the inducement to engage in illegal activities. <br><br> You might object that professionals excavate to acquire knowledge, not money. Moreover, ancient artifacts are part of our global cultural heritage, which should be available for all to appreciate, not sold to the highest bidder. I agree. Sell nothing that has unique artistic merit or scientific value. But, you might reply everything that comes out of the ground has scientific value. Here we part company. Theoretically, you may be correct in claiming that every artifact has potential scientific value. Practically, you are wrong. <br><br> I refer to the thousands of pottery vessels and ancient lamps that are essentially <strong>duplicates</strong> of one another. In one small excavation in Cyprus, archaeologists recently uncovered 2,000 virtually <strong>indistinguishable</strong> small jugs in a single courtyard, Even precious royal seal impressions known as L'MELEKH handles have been found in abundance-more than 4,000 examples so far. <br><br> The basements of museums are simply not large enough to store the artifacts that are likely to be discovered in the future. There is not enough money even to catalogue the finds; as a result, they cannot be found again and become as inaccessible as if they had never been discovered. Indeed, with the help of a computer, sold artifacts could be more accessible than are the pieces stored in bulging museum basements. Prior to sale, each could be photographed and the list of the purchasers could be maintained on the computer. A purchaser could even be required to agree to return the piece if it should become needed for scientific purposes. <br><br> It would be unrealistic to suggest that illegal digging would stop if artifacts were sold on the open market. But the demand for the <strong>clandestine</strong> product would be substantially reduced. Who would want an unmarked pot when another was available whose provenance was known, and that was dated stratigraphically by the professional archaeologist who excavated it?

The primary purpose of the passage is to propose

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.<br><br> Archaeology as a profession faces two major problems. First, it is the poorest of the poor. Only paltry sums are available for excavating and even less is available for publishing the results and preserving the sites once excavated. Yet archaeologists deal with priceless objects every day. Second, there is the problem of illegal excavation, resulting in museum­quality pieces being sold to the highest bidder. <br><br> I would like to make an <strong>outrageous</strong> suggestion that would at one stroke provide funds for archaeology and reduce the amount of <strong>illegal</strong> digging. I would propose that scientific archeological <strong>expeditions</strong> and governmental authorities sell excavated artifacts on the open market. Such sales would provide <strong>substantial</strong> funds for the excavation and preservation of archaeological sites and the publication of results. At the same time, they would break the illegal excavator's grip on the market, thereby decreasing the inducement to engage in illegal activities. <br><br> You might object that professionals excavate to acquire knowledge, not money. Moreover, ancient artifacts are part of our global cultural heritage, which should be available for all to appreciate, not sold to the highest bidder. I agree. Sell nothing that has unique artistic merit or scientific value. But, you might reply everything that comes out of the ground has scientific value. Here we part company. Theoretically, you may be correct in claiming that every artifact has potential scientific value. Practically, you are wrong. <br><br> I refer to the thousands of pottery vessels and ancient lamps that are essentially <strong>duplicates</strong> of one another. In one small excavation in Cyprus, archaeologists recently uncovered 2,000 virtually <strong>indistinguishable</strong> small jugs in a single courtyard, Even precious royal seal impressions known as L'MELEKH handles have been found in abundance-more than 4,000 examples so far. <br><br> The basements of museums are simply not large enough to store the artifacts that are likely to be discovered in the future. There is not enough money even to catalogue the finds; as a result, they cannot be found again and become as inaccessible as if they had never been discovered. Indeed, with the help of a computer, sold artifacts could be more accessible than are the pieces stored in bulging museum basements. Prior to sale, each could be photographed and the list of the purchasers could be maintained on the computer. A purchaser could even be required to agree to return the piece if it should become needed for scientific purposes. <br><br> It would be unrealistic to suggest that illegal digging would stop if artifacts were sold on the open market. But the demand for the <strong>clandestine</strong> product would be substantially reduced. Who would want an unmarked pot when another was available whose provenance was known, and that was dated stratigraphically by the professional archaeologist who excavated it?

Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as a disadvantage of storing artifacts in museum basements?

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.<br><br> Archaeology as a profession faces two major problems. First, it is the poorest of the poor. Only paltry sums are available for excavating and even less is available for publishing the results and preserving the sites once excavated. Yet archaeologists deal with priceless objects every day. Second, there is the problem of illegal excavation, resulting in museum­quality pieces being sold to the highest bidder. <br><br> I would like to make an <strong>outrageous</strong> suggestion that would at one stroke provide funds for archaeology and reduce the amount of <strong>illegal</strong> digging. I would propose that scientific archeological <strong>expeditions</strong> and governmental authorities sell excavated artifacts on the open market. Such sales would provide <strong>substantial</strong> funds for the excavation and preservation of archaeological sites and the publication of results. At the same time, they would break the illegal excavator's grip on the market, thereby decreasing the inducement to engage in illegal activities. <br><br> You might object that professionals excavate to acquire knowledge, not money. Moreover, ancient artifacts are part of our global cultural heritage, which should be available for all to appreciate, not sold to the highest bidder. I agree. Sell nothing that has unique artistic merit or scientific value. But, you might reply everything that comes out of the ground has scientific value. Here we part company. Theoretically, you may be correct in claiming that every artifact has potential scientific value. Practically, you are wrong. <br><br> I refer to the thousands of pottery vessels and ancient lamps that are essentially <strong>duplicates</strong> of one another. In one small excavation in Cyprus, archaeologists recently uncovered 2,000 virtually <strong>indistinguishable</strong> small jugs in a single courtyard, Even precious royal seal impressions known as L'MELEKH handles have been found in abundance-more than 4,000 examples so far. <br><br> The basements of museums are simply not large enough to store the artifacts that are likely to be discovered in the future. There is not enough money even to catalogue the finds; as a result, they cannot be found again and become as inaccessible as if they had never been discovered. Indeed, with the help of a computer, sold artifacts could be more accessible than are the pieces stored in bulging museum basements. Prior to sale, each could be photographed and the list of the purchasers could be maintained on the computer. A purchaser could even be required to agree to return the piece if it should become needed for scientific purposes. <br><br> It would be unrealistic to suggest that illegal digging would stop if artifacts were sold on the open market. But the demand for the <strong>clandestine</strong> product would be substantially reduced. Who would want an unmarked pot when another was available whose provenance was known, and that was dated stratigraphically by the professional archaeologist who excavated it?

The author mentions the excavation in Cyprus to emphasize which of the following points?