Daily Vocab

1 Halberd (noun)

A medieval weapon consisting of a long shaft fitted with an axe blade, spike, and spear point. (लंबे डंडे वाला मध्यकालीन कुल्हाड़ी-भाला अस्त्र)

Synonyms: Polearm, Battle-Axe, Spear, Pike

Antonyms: Shield, Armor, Protection, Defense

Example: The palace guard stood at the entrance holding a heavy halberd.

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2 Ululate (verb)

To make a long, loud, high-pitched, wavering cry, especially to express strong emotion. (ऊँची और लंबी विलापपूर्ण ध्वनि निकालना)

Synonyms: Howl, Wail, Shriek, Keen

Antonyms: Whisper, Murmur, Mumble, Hush

Example: The mourners began to ululate in grief during the ceremony.

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3 Daedalian (adjective)

Extremely intricate, complex, skillfully designed, or ingenious. (अत्यंत जटिल और कौशलपूर्ण)

Synonyms: Intricate, Complex, Ingenious, Skillful

Antonyms: Simple, Plain, Uncomplicated, Unskillful

Example: The palace contained a Daedalian network of corridors and secret passages.

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4 Rove (verb)

To travel or wander from place to place without a fixed destination. (इधर-उधर घूमना)

Synonyms: Wander, Roam, Ramble, Meander

Antonyms: Stay, Remain, Settle, Halt

Example: The explorers roved across the countryside in search of ancient ruins.

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5 Rumpled (adjective)

Wrinkled, crumpled, or untidy in appearance. (सिकुड़ा हुआ)

Synonyms: Wrinkled, Crumpled, Creased, Disheveled

Antonyms: Smooth, Neat, Tidy, Pressed

Example: He arrived at the meeting wearing a rumpled shirt.

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6 Bandolier (noun)

A broad belt worn over the shoulder for carrying cartridges or ammunition. (कारतूस रखने की कंधे की पेटी)

Synonyms: Bandoleer, Cartridge Belt, Baldric, Ammunition Belt

Antonyms: Disarmament, Unarmedness, Defenselessness, Pacifism

Example: The soldier carried extra cartridges in his bandolier.

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7 Drub (verb)

To defeat someone decisively or beat someone severely. (बुरी तरह हराना)

Synonyms: Thrash, Rout, Trounce, Defeat

Antonyms: Lose, Surrender, Yield, Succumb

Example: The defending champions drubbed their opponents in the final match.

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8 Azimuthal (adjective)

Relating to azimuth or horizontal angular direction measured around the horizon. (दिगंशीय)

Synonyms: Directional, Angular, Horizontal, Orientational

Antonyms: Vertical, Elevational, Zenithal, Radial

Example: The astronomer used an azimuthal coordinate system to locate the star.

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9 Finial (noun)

A decorative ornament placed at the top or end of a building, piece of furniture, or other structure. (शीर्ष अलंकरण)

Synonyms: Ornament, Decoration, Adornment, Knob

Antonyms: Base, Foundation, Footing, Bottom

Example: A beautifully carved finial decorated the top of the ancient gate.

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10 Belfry (noun)

A bell tower or the part of a tower in which bells are hung. (घंटाघर)

Synonyms: Bell Tower, Steeple, Campanile, Bell Chamber

Antonyms: Basement, Cellar, Crypt, Underground

Example: The bells in the old church belfry rang across the village.

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11 Rhombus (noun)

A parallelogram having four sides of equal length. (चार समान भुजाओं वाला समचतुर्भुज)

Synonyms: Rhomb, Lozenge, Diamond, Equilateral Parallelogram

Antonyms: Circle, Triangle, Trapezoid, Rectangle

Example: The teacher drew a rhombus and explained that all four of its sides were equal.

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12 Mummify (verb)

To preserve a dead body by preventing it from decaying, especially by embalming and drying it. (शव को ममी बनाकर संरक्षित करना)

Synonyms: Embalm, Preserve, Desiccate, Dry

Antonyms: Decay, Decompose, Rot, Putrefy

Example: Ancient Egyptians used special techniques to mummify the bodies of their rulers.

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13 Cuneiform (adjective)

Relating to an ancient system of writing made with wedge-shaped marks. (कीलाकार चिह्नों वाली प्राचीन लिपि से संबंधित)

Synonyms: Wedge-shaped, Wedgelike, Cuneate, Cuneal

Antonyms: Rounded, Circular, Curved, Spherical

Example: Archaeologists discovered several clay tablets covered with cuneiform writing.

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14 Disbar (verb)

To officially prevent a lawyer from practising law. (किसी वकील को वकालत करने से अयोग्य घोषित करना)

Synonyms: Debar, Expel, Exclude, Prohibit

Antonyms: Admit, Authorize, License, Reinstate

Example: The court decided to disbar the lawyer for serious professional misconduct.

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15 Derail (verb)

To cause a train to leave its tracks or to prevent a plan or process from succeeding. (पटरी से उतारना या किसी योजना को विफल करना)

Synonyms: Sidetrack, Disrupt, Obstruct, Wreck

Antonyms: Advance, Facilitate, Promote, Support

Example: A sudden financial crisis could derail the entire project.

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16 Subcutaneous (adjective)

Situated, occurring, or administered beneath the skin. (त्वचा के नीचे स्थित या दिया जाने वाला)

Synonyms: Hypodermic, Subdermal, Undercutaneous, Beneath-the-skin

Antonyms: Cutaneous, Epidermal, Superficial, External

Example: The patient received a subcutaneous injection in the arm.

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17 Narcolepsy (noun)

A sleep disorder characterized by sudden and uncontrollable attacks of sleep. (अचानक और अनियंत्रित रूप से नींद आने का विकार)

Synonyms: Hypersomnia, Sleep Disorder, Sleeping Sickness, Sleep Attacks

Antonyms: Insomnia, Wakefulness, Alertness, Sleeplessness

Example: His narcolepsy sometimes caused him to fall asleep unexpectedly during the day.

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18 Travelogue (noun)

A book, film, or account describing someone's travels and experiences. (यात्रा-वृत्तांत)

Synonyms: Travel Account, Travel Diary, Travel Journal, Travel Narrative

Antonyms: Fiction, Fantasy, Fabrication, Invention

Example: She published a fascinating travelogue about her journey through Africa.

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19 Taurine (adjective)

Relating to or resembling a bull. (बैल से संबंधित या बैल के समान)

Synonyms: Bullish, Bovine, Bull-like, Ox-like

Antonyms: Frail, Delicate, Weak, Slight

Example: The wrestler had a powerful, taurine appearance.

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20 Ichthyology (noun)

The scientific study of fish. (मछलियों का वैज्ञानिक अध्ययन)

Synonyms: Fish Science, Fish Biology, Piscine Zoology, Ichthyological Science

Antonyms: Ornithology, Entomology, Mammalogy, Herpetology

Example: She chose ichthyology because she was fascinated by marine and freshwater fish.

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1 Tumble (verb)

To fall suddenly and uncontrollably, often from a higher position to a lower one. (अचानक गिरना या लुढ़कना)

Synonyms: Fall, Plunge, Topple, Plummet

Antonyms: Rise, Ascend, Climb, Soar

Example: Share prices began to tumble after the disappointing announcement.

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2 Trustworthy (adjective)

Deserving trust because of being reliable, honest, and dependable. (विश्वसनीय)

Synonyms: Reliable, Dependable, Credible, Honest

Antonyms: Unreliable, Dishonest, Deceptive, Untrustworthy

Example: A trustworthy leader keeps promises and communicates honestly.

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3 Mindboggling (adjective)

Extremely surprising, impressive, or difficult to understand. (अत्यंत आश्चर्यजनक)

Synonyms: Astonishing, Staggering, Astounding, Bewildering

Antonyms: Ordinary, Unsurprising, Simple, Comprehensible

Example: The enormous scale of the universe is truly mindboggling.

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4 Heartwarming (adjective)

Causing feelings of happiness, affection, or emotional warmth. (हृदयस्पर्शी)

Synonyms: Touching, Moving, Uplifting, Endearing

Antonyms: Heartbreaking, Distressing, Depressing, Disheartening

Example: The reunion between the lost child and his family was heartwarming.

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5 Showcase (verb)

To display or present something attractively in order to draw attention to its best qualities. (प्रमुख रूप से प्रदर्शित करना)

Synonyms: Display, Exhibit, Present, Feature

Antonyms: Conceal, Hide, Suppress, Obscure

Example: The exhibition will showcase the work of young local artists.

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6 Mythology (noun)

A collection or study of traditional myths, especially those belonging to a particular culture or religion. (पौराणिक कथाओं का संग्रह या अध्ययन)

Synonyms: Myth, Folklore, Legend, Lore

Antonyms: History, Fact, Reality, Truth

Example: Greek mythology contains many stories about gods, heroes, and supernatural beings.

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7 Deadline (noun)

The latest time or date by which something must be completed. (अंतिम समय-सीमा)

Synonyms: Time Limit, Cutoff, Due Date, Target Date

Antonyms: Extension, Postponement, Delay, Indefiniteness

Example: The applicants must submit their forms before the deadline.

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8 Highlight (verb)

To emphasize or draw special attention to something important. (प्रमुखता से दर्शाना)

Synonyms: Emphasize, Stress, Spotlight, Underscore

Antonyms: Downplay, Conceal, Ignore, Minimize

Example: The report highlights the urgent need for better rural healthcare.

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9 Cripple (verb)

To severely damage, weaken, or limit the functioning of someone or something. (गंभीर रूप से कमजोर करना)

Synonyms: Disable, Impair, Debilitate, Hamper

Antonyms: Strengthen, Enable, Restore, Empower

Example: The cyberattack could cripple the organisation's entire communication network.

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10 Bandwidth (noun)

The capacity or range available for transmitting information, handling tasks, or dealing with situations. (क्षमता / प्रसारण क्षमता)

Synonyms: Capacity, Range, Scope, Capability

Antonyms: Limitation, Restriction, Constraint, Incapacity

Example: The company does not have enough bandwidth to manage several major projects at once.

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11 Treasury (noun)

A place or department responsible for managing and safeguarding public or institutional money. (राजकोष)

Synonyms: Exchequer, Coffers, Repository, Funds

Antonyms: Debt, Deficit, Liability, Bankruptcy

Example: The finance ministry transferred the collected revenue to the national treasury.

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12 Undercover (adjective)

Involving secret work or activity intended to obtain information or investigate something. (गुप्त)

Synonyms: Secret, Covert, Clandestine, Surreptitious

Antonyms: Open, Overt, Public, Visible

Example: An undercover officer joined the group to gather evidence against the criminals.

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13 Overtake (verb)

To catch up with and pass someone or something moving in the same direction. (आगे निकल जाना)

Synonyms: Pass, Surpass, Outstrip, Outpace

Antonyms: Trail, Lag, Follow, Fall Behind

Example: The cyclist accelerated sharply to overtake his nearest rival.

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14 Throughput (noun)

The amount of material, data, or work that can pass through a system within a given period. (प्रवाह क्षमता)

Synonyms: Output, Capacity, Productivity, Yield

Antonyms:

Example: The company upgraded its servers to increase data throughput.

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15 Matrimony (noun)

The state or institution of being married. (विवाह)

Synonyms: Marriage, Wedlock, Union, Nuptials

Antonyms: Divorce, Separation, Bachelorhood, Celibacy

Example: The couple entered into matrimony after several years of friendship.

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16 Insurance (noun)

An arrangement in which a company provides financial protection against specified loss, damage, illness, or death in return for payment. (बीमा)

Synonyms: Assurance, Coverage, Protection, Indemnity

Antonyms: Exposure, Risk, Vulnerability, Insecurity

Example: She purchased health insurance to protect herself against unexpected medical expenses.

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17 Overlook (verb)

To fail to notice, consider, or deal with something. (नज़रअंदाज़ करना)

Synonyms: Ignore, Miss, Neglect, Disregard

Antonyms: Notice, Observe, Consider, Detect

Example: The committee overlooked several important details in the report.

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18 Overdue (adjective)

Not done, paid, returned, or completed by the expected or required time. (अतिदेय)

Synonyms: Late, Delayed, Belated, Tardy

Antonyms: Early, Timely, Prompt, Punctual

Example: The library imposed a fine because the books were overdue.

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19 Forthcoming (adjective)

About to happen, appear, or be made available soon. (आगामी)

Synonyms: Upcoming, Approaching, Impending, Prospective

Antonyms: Past, Previous, Distant, Departed

Example: The author discussed his forthcoming book during the interview.

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20 Undertake (verb)

To accept responsibility for and begin a task, project, or activity. (कार्य का दायित्व लेना)

Synonyms: Attempt, Begin, Commence, Embark

Antonyms: Abandon, Avoid, Neglect, Refuse

Example: The government decided to undertake a detailed review of the existing policy.

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1 Welfare (noun)

The health, happiness, safety, and general well-being of a person or group. (कल्याण)

Synonyms: Well-being, Prosperity, Benefit, Good

Antonyms: Misery, Hardship, Suffering, Adversity

Example: The government introduced several schemes for the welfare of disadvantaged citizens.

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2 Interface (noun)

A point or system through which two people, devices, or systems interact with each other. (अंतरापृष्ठ)

Synonyms: Connection, Link, Interaction, Junction

Antonyms: Separation, Disconnection, Isolation, Division

Example: The application has a simple interface that allows users to navigate easily.

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3 Agenda (noun)

A list of matters to be discussed or dealt with at a meeting. (कार्यसूची)

Synonyms: Schedule, Programme, Itinerary, Plan

Antonyms: Improvisation, Disorder, Aimlessness, Spontaneity

Example: The budget proposal was the first item on the meeting agenda.

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4 Trophy (noun)

A prize or object awarded as a symbol of victory or achievement. (विजय-चिह्न)

Synonyms: Prize, Award, Cup, Medal

Antonyms: Penalty, Forfeit, Loss, Defeat

Example: The captain proudly lifted the championship trophy after the match.

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5 Backfire (verb)

To produce the opposite result from what was intended. (उल्टा प्रभाव डालना)

Synonyms: Misfire, Fail, Rebound, Boomerang

Antonyms: Succeed, Work, Prosper, Triumph

Example: His attempt to embarrass his opponent backfired and damaged his own reputation.

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6 Feedback (noun)

Information or opinions given about someone's performance, work, or product to help evaluate or improve it. (प्रतिक्रिया)

Synonyms: Response, Reaction, Evaluation, Comment

Antonyms: Silence, Indifference, Nonresponse, Disregard

Example: The teacher gave detailed feedback on the student's assignment.

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7 Supervise (verb)

To watch and direct the work or activities of someone. (पर्यवेक्षण करना)

Synonyms: Oversee, Monitor, Manage, Direct

Antonyms: Neglect, Ignore, Abandon, Disregard

Example: A senior engineer was appointed to supervise the construction work.

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8 Outstanding (adjective)

Exceptionally good or clearly better than others. (उत्कृष्ट)

Synonyms: Exceptional, Excellent, Remarkable, Superb

Antonyms: Mediocre, Inferior, Ordinary, Unremarkable

Example: She received an award for her outstanding contribution to education.

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9 Marvelous (adjective)

Extremely good, impressive, or wonderful. (अद्भुत)

Synonyms: Wonderful, Magnificent, Splendid, Superb

Antonyms: Terrible, Awful, Dreadful, Unimpressive

Example: The team gave a marvelous performance in the final match.

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10 Priceless (adjective)

So valuable that its worth cannot be measured in money. (अमूल्य)

Synonyms: Invaluable, Precious, Inestimable, Irreplaceable

Antonyms: Worthless, Valueless, Cheap, Insignificant

Example: The priceless painting was kept under strict security in the museum.

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1 Aorta (noun)

The main artery that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. (महाधमनी)

Synonyms: Main Artery, Great Artery, Principal Artery, Systemic Artery

Antonyms: Vena Cava, Vein, Venule, Capillary

Example: The aorta carries blood from the left ventricle to the body.

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2 Biopsy (noun)

The removal and examination of tissue from a living body to detect or diagnose disease. (जीवित ऊतक की चिकित्सीय जाँच)

Synonyms: Tissue Examination, Tissue Sampling, Diagnostic Sampling, Histological Examination

Antonyms: Observation, Noninvasive Examination, Visual Inspection, External Examination

Example: The doctor recommended a biopsy to determine whether the lump was cancerous.

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3 Rive (verb)

To split, tear, or break something apart violently. (चीरना)

Synonyms: Split, Tear, Rend, Cleave

Antonyms: Join, Unite, Mend, Repair

Example: The violent storm threatened to rive the old tree apart.

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4 Cloak (verb)

To hide, cover, or disguise something so that it cannot easily be seen or understood. (छिपाना)

Synonyms: Conceal, Disguise, Mask, Veil

Antonyms: Reveal, Expose, Uncover, Disclose

Example: He tried to cloak his disappointment with a smile.

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5 Synod (noun)

A formal council or assembly of members of a church held to discuss religious matters. (धार्मिक परिषद)

Synonyms: Council, Assembly, Convocation, Conference

Antonyms: Dispersal, Separation, Dissolution, Disbandment

Example: The church leaders gathered for the annual synod.

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6 Murine (adjective)

Relating to or resembling mice or rats. (चूहों से संबंधित)

Synonyms: Mouselike, Ratlike, Rodent, Rodentlike

Antonyms: Feline, Canine, Avian, Bovine

Example: Scientists used a murine model to study the disease.

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7 Clutch (verb)

To grasp or hold something tightly, especially because of fear or urgency. (कसकर पकड़ना)

Synonyms: Grasp, Grip, Clasp, Seize

Antonyms: Release, Loosen, Drop, Relinquish

Example: She clutched the railing tightly when the boat began to rock.

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8 Peddle (verb)

To sell goods, usually by travelling from place to place; also to spread ideas or information persistently. (फेरी लगाकर बेचना)

Synonyms: Hawk, Sell, Vend, Market

Antonyms: Buy, Purchase, Acquire, Withhold

Example: The merchant travelled from village to village to peddle his goods.

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9 Geyser (noun)

A hot spring that periodically shoots hot water and steam into the air. (उष्ण जलस्रोत)

Synonyms: Hot Spring, Thermal Spring, Spouting Spring, Fountain

Antonyms: Cold Spring, Ice Field, Glacier, Frozen Pool

Example: The tourists gathered to watch the geyser erupt.

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10 Convex (adjective)

Curved or rounded outward like the exterior of a sphere or circle. (उत्तल)

Synonyms: Bulging, Curved, Protuberant, Rounded

Antonyms: Concave, Hollow, Depressed, Inward-curving

Example: A convex lens is thicker at the centre than at the edges.

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11 Corral (noun/verb)

An enclosure for livestock; to gather or confine people or animals within a restricted area. (पशु-बाड़ा; घेरकर इकट्ठा करना)

Synonyms: Enclose, Confine, Pen, Herd

Antonyms: Release, Free, Scatter, Disperse

Example: The cowboys corralled the cattle before sunset.

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12 Pelf (noun)

Money or wealth, especially when acquired dishonestly or regarded with contempt. (अनैतिक रूप से अर्जित धन)

Synonyms: Lucre, Wealth, Riches, Mammon

Antonyms: Poverty, Destitution, Penury, Indigence

Example: The corrupt official cared more about pelf than public service.

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13 Helot (noun)

A person in a condition of servitude or forced labour; historically, a serf in ancient Sparta. (दास; कृषिदास)

Synonyms: Serf, Slave, Bondman, Thrall

Antonyms: Freeman, Master, Citizen, Liberated-Person

Example: The conquered people were reduced to the status of helots.

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14 Slag (noun)

Waste material separated from metal during the process of smelting. (धातुमल)

Synonyms: Dross, Waste, Residue, Scoria

Antonyms: Metal, Ore, Product, Purity

Example: The workers removed the slag from the molten metal.

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15 Laurel (noun/verb)

Honour or praise awarded for an achievement; to honour or reward someone. (सम्मान; यश)

Synonyms: Honour, Praise, Glory, Distinction

Antonyms: Disgrace, Shame, Dishonour, Ignominy

Example: The scientist won international laurels for her groundbreaking research.

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16 Nimbus (noun)

A rain-bearing cloud or a luminous halo surrounding a person or object. (वर्षा-मेघ; प्रभामंडल)

Synonyms: Raincloud, Cloud, Halo, Aureole

Antonyms: Clear-Sky, Cloudlessness, Darkness, Gloom

Example: A dark nimbus gathered above the hills before the storm.

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17 Siphon (noun/verb)

A tube used to transfer liquid from one container to another; to draw off or transfer gradually. (नली द्वारा द्रव निकालना)

Synonyms: Drain, Draw, Transfer, Extract

Antonyms: Fill, Supply, Replenish, Restore

Example: They used a tube to siphon water from the flooded tank.

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18 Eddy (noun/verb)

A circular movement of water, air, smoke, etc.; to move in a circular current. (भँवर; चक्कर काटना)

Synonyms: Whirlpool, Swirl, Vortex, Spiral

Antonyms: Stillness, Calm, Stagnation, Rest

Example: Leaves began to eddy around the courtyard in the strong wind.

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19 Austral (adjective)

Relating to or situated in the south. (दक्षिणी)

Synonyms: Southern, Southward, Southerly, Antarctic

Antonyms: Northern, Northward, Northerly, Boreal

Example: The explorers studied the austral regions of the continent.

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20 Febrile (adjective)

Having or showing the symptoms of a fever; feverish. (ज्वरग्रस्त)

Synonyms: Feverish, Pyretic, Fevered, Flushed

Antonyms: Afebrile, Healthy, Normal, Cool

Example: The patient remained febrile throughout the night.

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1 Snowball (verb)

To increase rapidly in size, importance, or intensity. (तेजी से बढ़ना)

Synonyms: Escalate, Multiply, Expand, Intensify

Antonyms: Diminish, Decline, Shrink, Subside

Example: A minor disagreement quickly snowballed into a serious conflict.

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2 Cutthroat (adjective)

Extremely competitive and showing little concern for fairness or the welfare of others. (अत्यंत निर्दयी और प्रतिस्पर्धी)

Synonyms: Ruthless, Fierce, Merciless, Unscrupulous

Antonyms: Compassionate, Merciful, Fair, Considerate

Example: The advertising industry can be extremely cutthroat.

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3 Flashpoint (noun)

A place, situation, or issue where conflict or violence is likely to suddenly develop. (संघर्ष का संवेदनशील बिंदु)

Synonyms: Hotspot, Trouble Spot, Crisis Point, Powder Keg

Antonyms: Safe Haven, Peaceful Zone, Calm Area, Neutral Ground

Example: The disputed border became a major flashpoint between the two countries.

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4 Freelancer (noun)

A person who works independently for different organizations rather than being permanently employed by one. (स्वतंत्र रूप से काम करने वाला व्यक्ति)

Synonyms: Contractor, Consultant, Independent, Self-employed

Antonyms: Employee, Staffer, Subordinate, Salaried Worker

Example: She works as a freelancer for several publishing companies.

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5 Restructure (verb)

To organize something differently in order to make it more effective or efficient. (पुनर्गठन करना)

Synonyms: Reorganize, Revamp, Reconfigure, Rearrange

Antonyms: Preserve, Maintain, Retain, Stabilize

Example: The company decided to restructure its management system.

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6 Shortlist (verb)

To select a small number of people or things from a larger group for further consideration. (चयनित सूची बनाना)

Synonyms: Select, Choose, Screen, Nominate

Antonyms: Reject, Eliminate, Exclude, Disqualify

Example: The committee shortlisted five candidates for the final interview.

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7 Mastermind (verb)

To plan and direct a complex or difficult operation. (योजना बनाकर संचालन करना)

Synonyms: Orchestrate, Engineer, Devise, Organize

Antonyms: Mismanage, Disorganize, Botch, Bungle

Example: The criminal had masterminded the entire robbery.

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8 Foolproof (adjective)

Designed so simply and effectively that it cannot easily go wrong or be misused. (अचूक)

Synonyms: Infallible, Reliable, Fail-safe, Secure

Antonyms: Fallible, Unreliable, Faulty, Vulnerable

Example: The new security system is almost foolproof.

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9 Crackdown (noun)

A series of strict actions taken to stop or control illegal or undesirable activity. (कड़ी कार्रवाई)

Synonyms: Clampdown, Suppression, Repression, Enforcement

Antonyms: Leniency, Tolerance, Relaxation, Permissiveness

Example: The government launched a crackdown on illegal mining activities.

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10 Subcontract (verb)

To hire another person or company to perform part of the work under a larger contract. (उपठेका देना)

Synonyms: Delegate, Outsource, Assign, Commission

Antonyms: Insource, Retain, Undertake, Perform

Example: The construction company decided to subcontract the electrical work to a specialist firm.

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11 Medieval (adjective)

Relating to the Middle Ages, especially in European history. (मध्यकालीन)

Synonyms: Feudal, Gothic, Middle-Age, Antiquated

Antonyms: Modern, Contemporary, Current, Present-Day

Example: The castle is an excellent example of medieval architecture.

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12 Biometric (adjective)

Relating to the measurement and analysis of unique physical or biological characteristics for identification. (जैविक विशेषताओं द्वारा पहचान से संबंधित)

Synonyms: Biological, Physiological, Identifying, Measurable

Antonyms: Anonymous, Unidentifiable, Nonbiological, Impersonal

Example: The office uses biometric identification to record employee attendance.

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13 Warmonger (noun)

A person who encourages or advocates war or aggressive conflict. (युद्ध भड़काने वाला व्यक्ति)

Synonyms: Militarist, Hawk, Belligerent, Aggressor

Antonyms: Pacifist, Peacemaker, Dove, Conciliator

Example: The leader was accused of being a warmonger because of his repeated calls for military action.

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14 Homeostasis (noun)

The process by which a living organism maintains a stable internal environment despite external changes. (आंतरिक संतुलन बनाए रखने की प्रक्रिया)

Synonyms: Imbalance, Instability, Disequilibrium, Disruption

Antonyms:

Example: Sweating helps the human body maintain homeostasis by regulating temperature.

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15 Facsimile (noun)

An exact copy or reproduction of something. (सटीक प्रतिकृति)

Synonyms: Copy, Replica, Reproduction, Duplicate

Antonyms: Original, Prototype, Authenticity, Uniqueness

Example: The museum displayed a facsimile of the ancient manuscript.

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16 Capstone (noun)

The highest or final achievement that completes or crowns something. (चरम उपलब्धि; अंतिम महत्वपूर्ण उपलब्धि)

Synonyms: Culmination, Pinnacle, Crowning, Climax

Antonyms: Beginning, Foundation, Inception, Commencement

Example: Winning the championship was the capstone of his sporting career.

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17 Metallurgy (noun)

The science and technology concerned with extracting, refining, and processing metals. (धातुकर्म)

Synonyms: Metalworking, Smelting, Refining, Metalcraft

Antonyms: Agriculture, Horticulture, Forestry, Husbandry

Example: Advances in metallurgy enabled ancient civilizations to produce stronger weapons and tools.

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18 Greenwash (verb)

Make misleading claims to make an organization or product appear more environmentally friendly than it really is. (पर्यावरण-अनुकूल होने का भ्रामक दावा करना)

Synonyms: Misrepresent, Deceive, Mislead, Disguise

Antonyms: Disclose, Reveal, Clarify, Authenticate

Example: Some companies greenwash their products by exaggerating minor environmental benefits.

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19 Undercut (verb)

Offer goods or services at a lower price than a competitor or weaken the effectiveness or power of something. (कम कीमत लगाकर प्रतिस्पर्धा करना; कमजोर करना)

Synonyms: Undermine, Weaken, Erode, Sabotage

Antonyms: Strengthen, Support, Reinforce, Bolster

Example: Cheap imports may undercut local manufacturers in the market.

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20 Disinfect (verb)

Clean something so as to destroy bacteria and other harmful microorganisms. (कीटाणुरहित करना)

Synonyms: Sanitize, Sterilize, Decontaminate, Purify

Antonyms: Contaminate, Infect, Pollute, Taint

Example: The nurse disinfected the equipment before using it.

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1 Frowsy (adjective)

Untidy, dirty, or unpleasant in appearance or smell. (अस्त-व्यस्त और मैला)

Synonyms: Shabby, Slovenly, Unkempt, Dingy

Antonyms: Neat, Tidy, Smart, Immaculate

Example: He appeared at the meeting in a frowsy shirt and uncombed hair.

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2 Buxom (adjective)

Plump, healthy-looking, and attractively full in figure. (हृष्ट-पुष्ट)

Synonyms: Plump, Full-figured, Rounded, Stout

Antonyms: Gaunt, Skinny, Emaciated, Scrawny

Example: The artist painted a buxom woman in traditional rural attire.

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3 Agog (adjective)

Very eager, excited, or curious to know or see something. (अत्यंत उत्सुक)

Synonyms: Eager, Excited, Curious, Enthusiastic

Antonyms: Indifferent, Uninterested, Apathetic, Bored

Example: The students were agog with excitement before the results were announced.

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4 Mint (verb)

To produce coins by stamping metal, or to create something officially for the first time. (सिक्के ढालना)

Synonyms: Coin, Manufacture, Produce, Forge

Antonyms: Destroy, Melt, Abolish, Withdraw

Example: The government decided to mint a new series of commemorative coins.

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5 Grope (verb)

To search or feel around with the hands, especially when unable to see clearly. (टटोलना)

Synonyms: Feel, Fumble, Search, Probe

Antonyms: Locate, Find, Grasp, Observe

Example: He groped in the darkness for the light switch.

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6 Crave (verb)

To have a strong desire or longing for something. (तीव्र इच्छा करना)

Synonyms: Desire, Long, Yearn, Covet

Antonyms: Dislike, Reject, Avoid, Abhor

Example: After hours of work, she began to crave a quiet place to rest.

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7 Roister (verb)

To celebrate noisily and behave in a boisterous way. (शोरगुल के साथ मौज-मस्ती करना)

Synonyms: Revel, Carouse, Frolic, Celebrate

Antonyms: Mourn, Grieve, Lament, Abstain

Example: The victorious supporters roistered in the streets until midnight.

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8 Envoy (noun)

A person sent by a government or organization as its official representative. (दूत)

Synonyms: Emissary, Ambassador, Delegate, Representative

Antonyms: Recipient, Host, Principal, Constituent

Example: The government sent a special envoy to negotiate a peace agreement.

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9 Mandamus (noun)

A judicial writ ordering a public authority to perform a legal duty. (परमादेश)

Synonyms: Writ, Order, Command, Directive

Antonyms: Prohibition, Restraint, Reversal, Revocation

Example: The court issued a mandamus directing the authority to perform its statutory duty.

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10 Substratum (noun)

An underlying layer or foundation on which something is formed or supported. (आधारभूत परत)

Synonyms: Foundation, Base, Bedrock, Underlayer

Antonyms: Surface, Exterior, Top, Superstructure

Example: The ancient rock formed the substratum beneath the newer soil deposits.

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11 Attentive (adjective)

Paying close attention to something or showing thoughtful care for someone. (ध्यान देने वाला)

Synonyms: Alert, Observant, Watchful, Considerate

Antonyms: Inattentive, Negligent, Distracted, Heedless

Example: The attentive student noticed every important detail in the lecture.

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12 Backslide (verb)

Return to a worse condition or to former bad habits after making progress. (पुनः बुरी अवस्था या आदत में लौटना)

Synonyms: Regress, Relapse, Revert, Deteriorate

Antonyms: Progress, Improve, Advance, Recover

Example: After months of improvement, he began to backslide into his old habits.

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13 Totem (noun)

An object, animal, or symbol regarded as representing or having special significance for a group. (प्रतीकात्मक या पूजनीय चिह्न)

Synonyms: Emblem, Symbol, Icon, Insignia

Antonyms: Triviality, Insignificance, Irrelevance, Commonplace

Example: The eagle served as a powerful totem for the community.

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14 Interleave (verb)

Insert something between the pages, layers, or parts of something else. (बीच-बीच में रखना)

Synonyms: Intermix, Intersperse, Insert, Alternate

Antonyms: Separate, Remove, Extract, Disentangle

Example: The editor decided to interleave photographs with the written chapters.

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15 Budge (verb)

Move or cause to move slightly, especially from a fixed position or opinion. (थोड़ा हिलना या अपना मत बदलना)

Synonyms: Move, Shift, Yield, Relent

Antonyms: Remain, Resist, Persist, Stay

Example: Despite repeated requests, he refused to budge from his position.

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16 Unutterable (adjective)

Too extreme, great, or terrible to be expressed in words. (अवर्णनीय)

Synonyms: Indescribable, Inexpressible, Ineffable, Unspeakable

Antonyms: Expressible, Describable, Articulable, Utterable

Example: She felt unutterable relief when she heard that her family was safe.

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17 Killjoy (noun)

A person who deliberately spoils the enjoyment or enthusiasm of others. (आनंद बिगाड़ने वाला व्यक्ति)

Synonyms: Spoilsport, Wet Blanket, Grouch, Party-Pooper

Antonyms: Entertainer, Enthusiast, Merrymaker, Encourager

Example: He became a killjoy by complaining throughout the celebration.

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18 Escarpment (noun)

A long, steep slope or cliff separating two relatively level areas. (खड़ी ढलान या चट्टानी कगार)

Synonyms: Cliff, Scarp, Bluff, Precipice

Antonyms: Plain, Flatland, Lowland, Level Ground

Example: The hikers climbed the steep escarpment overlooking the valley.

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19 Backwater (noun)

A remote or isolated place that is considered backward or unaffected by progress. (पिछड़ा या दूरस्थ स्थान)

Synonyms: Hinterland, Outback, Backcountry, Provincial Area

Antonyms: Metropolis, Hub, Centre, Cosmopolitan Area

Example: The once-sleepy backwater developed into a major industrial town.

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20 Attune (verb)

Make receptive or aware; bring into harmony with something. (अनुकूल बनाना)

Synonyms: Harmonize, Acclimatize, Adjust, Adapt

Antonyms: Alienate, Disorient, Detach, Disconnect

Example: Good teachers attune their methods to the needs of their students.

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1 Superlative (adjective)

Of the highest degree, quality, or excellence. (सर्वोत्कृष्ट)

Synonyms: Excellent, Outstanding, Supreme, Superb

Antonyms: Inferior, Mediocre, Poor, Ordinary

Example: The critic praised the actor's superlative performance in the film.

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2 Thematic (adjective)

Relating to or based on a particular theme or subject. (विषयगत)

Synonyms: Topical, Subject-Based, Motif-Based, Themed

Antonyms: Random, Unrelated, Irrelevant, Disconnected

Example: The museum organized a thematic exhibition on ancient civilizations.

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3 Sclerotic (adjective)

Abnormally hard or rigid, especially because of sclerosis; also resistant to change. (कठोर या जड़)

Synonyms: Hardened, Rigid, Stiff, Inflexible

Antonyms: Flexible, Supple, Pliable, Adaptable

Example: The organization became sclerotic and unwilling to adopt new methods.

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4 Erupt (verb)

To burst out suddenly or violently, especially from a volcano. (फूट पड़ना)

Synonyms: Explode, Burst, Flare, Spew

Antonyms: Subside, Calm, Cease, Settle

Example: The volcano began to erupt after several days of intense seismic activity.

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5 Bulldoze (verb)

To demolish or clear something using a bulldozer or by force. (ढहा देना)

Synonyms: Demolish, Flatten, Raze, Level

Antonyms: Build, Construct, Erect, Restore

Example: The authorities decided to bulldoze the unsafe abandoned building.

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6 Inhume (verb)

To bury a dead body in the ground. (दफनाना)

Synonyms: Bury, Inter, Entomb, Sepulchre

Antonyms: Exhume, Disinter, Unearth, Dig Up

Example: The soldiers respectfully inhumed their fallen companion.

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7 Portico (noun)

A covered entrance to a building, supported by columns. (स्तंभयुक्त बरामदा)

Synonyms: Porch, Colonnade, Veranda, Arcade

Antonyms: Interior, Enclosure, Rear, Exit

Example: Interior, Enclosure, Rear, Exit

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8 Hygrometer (noun)

An instrument used to measure the amount of moisture or humidity in the air. (आर्द्रतामापी)

Synonyms: Humidity Meter, Moisture Meter, Humidity Gauge, Moisture Gauge

Antonyms: Dehumidifier, Dryer, Desiccator, Moisture Remover

Example: The scientist used a hygrometer to measure the humidity inside the greenhouse.

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9 Mariticide (noun)

The act of killing one's spouse, especially the killing of a husband by his wife. (पति की हत्या)

Synonyms: Spousal Killing, Husband-Killing, Spouse Murder, Conjugal Murder

Antonyms: Spousal Protection, Preservation, Safeguarding, Rescue

Example: The queen was accused of mariticide after the mysterious death of her husband.

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10 Cardiology (noun)

The branch of medicine concerned with the heart, its functions, and its diseases. (हृदय-विज्ञान)

Synonyms: Heart Medicine, Cardiac Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Study

Antonyms: Neurology, Dermatology, Nephrology, Pulmonology

Example: She decided to specialize in cardiology after completing medical school.

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11 Outlaw (verb)

To make something illegal or officially prohibit it. (गैरकानूनी घोषित करना)

Synonyms: Ban, Prohibit, Forbid, Criminalize

Antonyms: Legalize, Permit, Allow, Authorize

Example: The government decided to outlaw the possession of certain dangerous substances.

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12 Taiga (noun)

A vast subarctic forest dominated mainly by evergreen coniferous trees. (शंकुधारी वनों वाला उपध्रुवीय क्षेत्र)

Synonyms: Boreal Forest, Coniferous Forest, Northern Forest, Subarctic Forest

Antonyms: Desert, Grassland, Savanna, Treeless Tundra

Example: The Siberian taiga contains immense forests of pine, spruce, and fir.

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13 Blacklist (verb)

To put a person or organization on a list of those who are banned, excluded, or regarded as unacceptable. (काली सूची में डालना)

Synonyms: Ban, Bar, Exclude, Proscribe

Antonyms: Whitelist, Approve, Admit, Endorse

Example: The company decided to blacklist suppliers involved in fraudulent practices.

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14 Disembowel (verb)

To remove the internal organs, especially the intestines, from a person or animal. (अंतड़ियाँ निकालना)

Synonyms: Eviscerate, Gut, Exenterate, Draw

Antonyms: Restore, Repair, Reconstitute, Reassemble

Example: The hunter carefully disembowelled the animal after the hunt.

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15 Underbelly (noun)

The vulnerable, weak, hidden, or unpleasant part of something. (कमज़ोर या छिपा हुआ पक्ष)

Synonyms: Underside, Underpart, Weak Point, Vulnerable Side

Antonyms: Topside, Surface, Strong Point, Strength

Example: The investigation exposed the corrupt underbelly of the organization.

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16 Expectorate (verb)

To cough up and spit out phlegm or other material from the throat or lungs. (बलगम थूकना)

Synonyms: Spit, Expel, Eject, Cough Up

Antonyms: Swallow, Ingest, Retain, Suppress

Example: The patient was advised to expectorate the mucus rather than swallow it.

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17 Pluvial (adjective)

Relating to rain or characterized by abundant rainfall. (वर्षा-संबंधी)

Synonyms: Rainy, Showery, Wet, Rainfall-related

Antonyms: Arid, Dry, Rainless, Drought-stricken

Example: The region experienced a prolonged pluvial period with exceptionally heavy rainfall.

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18 Isosceles (adjective)

Having two sides of equal length, especially in a triangle. (समद्विबाहु)

Synonyms: Equal-legged, Two-equal-sided, Symmetrical, Bilaterally Balanced

Antonyms: Scalene, Unequal-sided, Asymmetrical, Irregular

Example: The student drew an isosceles triangle with two equal sides.

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19 Orogeny (noun)

The geological process of mountain formation through movements of the Earth's crust. (पर्वतनिर्माण प्रक्रिया)

Synonyms: Mountain-building, Uplift, Tectonism, Crustal Deformation

Antonyms: Erosion, Denudation, Subsidence, Peneplanation

Example: The Himalayan orogeny resulted from the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates.

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20 Hypothecation (noun)

The practice of pledging an asset as security for a loan while retaining possession of it. (दृष्टिबंधक)

Synonyms: Pledge, Collateralization, Encumbrance, Security

Antonyms: Redemption, Release, Discharge, Unencumbering

Example: The bank approved the car loan through hypothecation of the vehicle.

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1 Frightful (adjective)

Causing fear or shock; extremely unpleasant or alarming. (भयावह)

Synonyms: Terrifying, Dreadful, Horrifying, Alarming

Antonyms: Pleasant, Reassuring, Comforting, Delightful

Example: A frightful scream suddenly came from the abandoned house.

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2 Bullheaded (adjective)

Very stubborn and unwilling to change one's opinion or decision. (हठी)

Synonyms: Stubborn, Obstinate, Headstrong, Inflexible

Antonyms: Flexible, Yielding, Compliant, Amenable

Example: His bullheaded refusal to compromise delayed the entire project.

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3 Charitable (adjective)

Generous in giving money, help or kindness to people in need. (परोपकारी)

Synonyms: Generous, Benevolent, Philanthropic, Altruistic

Antonyms: Selfish, Stingy, Miserly, Uncharitable

Example: The charitable organization provided food and shelter to homeless families.

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4 Wondrous (adjective)

Inspiring wonder because of being extremely beautiful, impressive or extraordinary. (अद्भुत)

Synonyms: Marvelous, Amazing, Astonishing, Magnificent

Antonyms: Ordinary, Mundane, Commonplace, Unimpressive

Example: We were amazed by the wondrous beauty of the mountains.

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5 Nationalize (verb)

To bring a privately owned industry or business under government ownership or control. (राष्ट्रीयकरण करना)

Synonyms: Socialize, Collectivize, State-control, Publicize

Antonyms: Privatize, Denationalize, Deregulate, Decontrol

Example: The government decided to nationalize several major banks.

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6 Croon (verb)

To sing or speak in a soft, gentle and sentimental manner. (धीमे और मधुर स्वर में गाना)

Synonyms: Hum, Sing, Murmur, Serenade

Antonyms: Shout, Yell, Scream, Bellow

Example: The singer began to croon a romantic song softly.

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7 Warble (verb)

To sing with a soft, continuously changing or trilling sound, especially like a bird. (मधुर स्वर में गाना)

Synonyms: Trill, Sing, Chirp, Carol

Antonyms: Croak, Drone, Grumble, Speak Monotonously

Example: The birds began to warble cheerfully at sunrise.

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8 Chariot (noun)

A two-wheeled vehicle drawn by horses, especially used in ancient warfare or races. (रथ)

Synonyms: Carriage, Cart, Wagon, Vehicle

Antonyms: Walking, Foot Travel, Immobility, Stationary State

Example: The warrior rode into battle on a horse-drawn chariot.

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9 Scabbard (noun)

A protective case or sheath for the blade of a sword or dagger. (तलवार की म्यान)

Synonyms: Sheath, Case, Cover, Holder

Antonyms: Exposure, Uncovering, Unsheathing, Bareness

Example: The warrior slowly pulled his sword from its scabbard.

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10 Raiment (noun)

Clothing or garments, especially when described in a literary or formal way. (वस्त्र)

Synonyms: Clothing, Garments, Attire, Apparel

Antonyms: Nudity, Nakedness, Undress, Bareness

Example: The king appeared before the crowd in magnificent royal raiment.

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11 Vestment (noun)

A ceremonial garment, especially one worn by a member of the clergy during religious services. (धार्मिक अनुष्ठान में पहना जाने वाला वस्त्र)

Synonyms: Robe, Garment, Attire, Raiment

Antonyms: Undress, Nakedness, Nudity, Disrobing

Example: The priest wore a richly embroidered vestment during the ceremony.

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12 Libidinous (adjective)

Having or showing strong sexual desire. (अत्यधिक कामुक)

Synonyms: Lustful, Lecherous, Lascivious, Salacious

Antonyms: Chaste, Pure, Modest, Abstinent

Example: The novel portrays the ruler as a libidinous and self-indulgent man.

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13 Jabber (verb)

To speak quickly and excitedly in a way that is difficult to understand. (तेजी से अस्पष्ट बोलना)

Synonyms: Babble, Chatter, Prattle, Gabble

Antonyms: Hush, Silence, Pause, Listen

Example: The nervous witness began to jabber so quickly that nobody could understand him.

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14 Bathos (noun)

An abrupt change from a serious or impressive style to something trivial or ridiculous. (गंभीरता से अचानक हास्यास्पद या तुच्छ स्तर पर गिरावट)

Synonyms: Anticlimax, Letdown, Banality, Triviality

Antonyms: Climax, Grandeur, Sublimity, Elevation

Example: The emotional speech ended in bathos when the speaker suddenly complained about his missing lunch.

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15 Studious (adjective)

Spending a lot of time studying or showing careful attention to learning. (अध्ययनशील)

Synonyms: Diligent, Scholarly, Academic, Bookish

Antonyms: Idle, Lazy, Negligent, Unstudious

Example: She was a studious student who rarely missed an opportunity to learn.

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16 Ferret (verb)

To search persistently for something and discover hidden information. (खोज निकालना)

Synonyms: Investigate, Uncover, Unearth, Discover

Antonyms: Conceal, Hide, Overlook, Ignore

Example: The journalist managed to ferret out important details about the scandal.

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17 Banshee (noun)

A female spirit in Irish legend whose wailing is believed to foretell a death. (मृत्यु का संकेत देने वाली विलाप करती स्त्री-आत्मा)

Synonyms: Spirit, Phantom, Ghost, Apparition

Antonyms: Mortal, Human, Person, Being

Example: The strange scream sounded like the wail of a banshee.

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18 Wiry (adjective)

Thin but strong and muscular. (दुबला लेकिन मजबूत)

Synonyms: Lean, Sinewy, Lanky, Tough

Antonyms: Flabby, Plump, Stout, Weak

Example: Despite his wiry frame, the athlete was remarkably strong.

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19 Enliven (verb)

To make something more interesting, cheerful, or lively. (जीवंत बनाना)

Synonyms: Animate, Invigorate, Brighten, Energize

Antonyms: Dull, Depress, Bore, Dishearten

Example: Her humorous stories enlivened the otherwise dull meeting.

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20 Pathfinder (noun)

A person who discovers or develops a new way of doing something or finds a route through an unknown area. (मार्गदर्शक)

Synonyms: Pioneer, Trailblazer, Explorer, Guide

Antonyms: Follower, Imitator, Conformist, Copycat

Example: The scientist became a pathfinder in the field of renewable energy.

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1 Stockade (noun)

A strong barrier or enclosure made from upright wooden posts, usually built for defence. (लकड़ी की रक्षात्मक बाड़)

Synonyms: Barricade, Palisade, Enclosure, Fortification

Antonyms: Opening, Entrance, Passage, Gateway

Example: The settlers built a stockade around the village for protection.

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2 Infantry (noun)

Soldiers who fight on foot rather than in vehicles or on horses. (पैदल सेना)

Synonyms: Foot Soldiers, Ground Troops, Footmen, Riflemen

Antonyms: Cavalry, Artillery, Navy, Air Force

Example: The infantry advanced carefully through the dense forest.

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3 Metronome (noun)

A device that produces regular beats to help musicians maintain a steady rhythm. (तालमापी यंत्र)

Synonyms: Timekeeper, Beat-counter, Rhythm-guide, Ticker

Antonyms: Irregularity, Disorder, Silence, Arrhythmia

Example: The pianist practised with a metronome to maintain a steady tempo.

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4 Pendulum (noun)

A weight suspended from a fixed point so that it can swing freely backwards and forwards. (लोलक)

Synonyms: Bob, Oscillator, Swing, Timekeeper

Antonyms: Stillness, Stability, Immobility, Rest

Example: The pendulum of the old clock moved steadily from side to side.

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5 Militia (noun)

A military force made up of ordinary citizens who are trained to fight during emergencies. (नागरिक सेना)

Synonyms: Reserves, Guard, Volunteers, Paramilitary

Antonyms: Civilians, Pacifists, Noncombatants, Regular Army

Example: The local militia was called upon to defend the town.

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6 Artillery (noun)

Large, powerful guns used in warfare, especially those operated by military units. (तोपखाना)

Synonyms: Cannons, Ordnance, Guns, Weaponry

Antonyms: Armour, Defence, Shielding, Protection

Example: The army positioned its artillery on the hill before the battle.

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7 Neolithic (adjective)

Relating to the later part of the Stone Age, when people began farming and using polished stone tools. (नवपाषाण युग से संबंधित)

Synonyms: New Stone Age, Prehistoric, Stone-Age, Primitive

Antonyms: Modern, Contemporary, Industrial, Futuristic

Example: Neolithic communities gradually developed agriculture and permanent settlements.

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8 Aquatic (adjective)

Living, growing, or occurring in or near water. (जलीय)

Synonyms: Marine, Waterborne, Amphibious, Hydrophytic

Antonyms: Terrestrial, Land-based, Aerial, Desert-dwelling

Example: The lake supports many aquatic plants and animals.

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9 Irrigate (verb)

Supply water to land or crops to help them grow. (सिंचाई करना)

Synonyms: Water, Moisten, Sprinkle, Flood

Antonyms: Drain, Dry, Dehydrate, Desiccate

Example: Farmers irrigate their fields through canals during the dry season.

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10 Annotate (verb)

Add notes or comments to a text, diagram, or document to explain it. (टिप्पणी जोड़ना)

Synonyms: Comment, Explain, Label, Clarify

Antonyms: Erase, Conceal, Obscure, Remove

Example: The teacher asked the students to annotate the difficult paragraphs.

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11 Defibrillate (verb)

To apply an electric shock to the heart in order to restore a normal rhythm. (हृदय की सामान्य लय बहाल करने के लिए विद्युत आघात देना)

Synonyms: Resuscitate, Revive, Reanimate, Electrically Stimulate

Antonyms: Arrest, Stop, Suppress, Inactivate

Example: The medical team had to defibrillate the patient after detecting a dangerous heart rhythm.

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12 Ziggurat (noun)

A massive ancient Mesopotamian temple built in the form of stepped levels. (सीढ़ीनुमा स्तरों वाला प्राचीन मेसोपोटामियाई मंदिर)

Synonyms: Temple Tower, Stepped Temple, Shrine, Monument

Antonyms: Pit, Trench, Hollow, Depression

Example: The ancient ziggurat rose above the surrounding settlement in several stepped terraces.

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13 Pasteurize (verb)

To heat a liquid or food to a specific temperature in order to destroy harmful microorganisms. (हानिकारक सूक्ष्मजीवों को नष्ट करने के लिए खाद्य या तरल को नियंत्रित ताप देना)

Synonyms: Sterilize, Disinfect, Sanitize, Heat-Treat

Antonyms: Contaminate, Infect, Pollute, Taint

Example: Dairy companies pasteurize milk before selling it to consumers.

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14 Schizophrenia (noun)

A serious mental disorder that affects a person’s thinking, perception, emotions and behaviour. (एक गंभीर मानसिक विकार जो सोच, अनुभूति, भावनाओं और व्यवहार को प्रभावित करता है)

Synonyms: Psychotic Disorder, Thought Disorder, Mental Disorder, Psychiatric Illness

Antonyms: Mental Stability, Psychological Well-Being, Soundness, Coherence

Example: Schizophrenia requires proper medical diagnosis, treatment and continuous support.

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15 Pixelate (verb)

To divide an image into visible square-shaped pixels, often making it unclear. (चित्र को छोटे वर्गाकार बिंदुओं में धुंधला करना)

Synonyms: Blur, Obscure, Distort, Mosaic

Antonyms: Clarify, Sharpen, Enhance, Refine

Example: The editor chose to pixelate the witness’s face to protect her identity.

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16 Stethoscope (noun)

A medical instrument used for listening to sounds produced inside the body, especially the heart and lungs. (हृदय और फेफड़ों की ध्वनि सुनने का चिकित्सीय उपकरण)

Synonyms: Auscultation Device, Medical Listener, Chestpiece, Acoustic Instrument

Antonyms: No exact antonym; Loudspeaker, Sound Amplifier, Noise Generator, Broadcasting Device

Example: The doctor used a stethoscope to examine the patient’s heartbeat.

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17 Photovoltaic (adjective)

Relating to the production of electricity from light, especially sunlight. (प्रकाश से विद्युत उत्पन्न करने वाला)

Synonyms: Solar-Electric, Photoelectric, Light-Powered, Solar-Powered

Antonyms: Non-Solar, Fuel-Powered, Combustion-Based, Light-Independent

Example: Photovoltaic panels convert sunlight directly into electrical energy.

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18 Gamify (verb)

To add game-like features to an activity in order to make it more engaging. (खेल-तत्वों से रोचक बनाना)

Synonyms: Engage, Incentivize, Entertain, Motivate

Antonyms: Discourage, Demotivate, Bore, Disengage

Example: The teacher decided to gamify the lesson by awarding points for correct answers.

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19 Oceanography (noun)

The scientific study of oceans, including their physical, chemical, biological and geological features. (समुद्र विज्ञान)

Synonyms: Oceanology, Marine Science, Marine Studies, Hydrography

Antonyms: No exact antonym; Inland Studies, Terrestrial Science, Land Science, Continental Studies

Example: Oceanography helps scientists understand marine ecosystems and ocean currents.

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20 Brobdingnagian (adjective)

Extremely large or gigantic. (अत्यंत विशाल)

Synonyms: Gigantic, Colossal, Enormous, Mammoth

Antonyms: Tiny, Minute, Diminutive, Microscopic

Example: The Brobdingnagian statue towered over every building in the city.

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1 Saponify (verb)

To convert fat or oil into soap through a chemical reaction. (वसा या तेल को रासायनिक अभिक्रिया द्वारा साबुन में बदलना)

Synonyms: Soapify, Hydrolyze, Convert, Alkalize

Antonyms: Acidify, Preserve, Solidify, Decompose

Example: Manufacturers saponify vegetable oils to produce soap.

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2 Carafe (noun)

A glass container used for serving water, wine or other drinks. (पानी, मदिरा या अन्य पेय परोसने का काँच का पात्र)

Synonyms: Decanter, Pitcher, Jug, Flask

Antonyms: Cup, Stopper, Lid, Closure

Example: The waiter placed a carafe of water on the table.

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3 Moraine (noun)

A mass of rocks and soil carried and deposited by a glacier. (हिमनद द्वारा जमा किया गया पत्थरों और मिट्टी का ढेर)

Synonyms: Glacial Deposit, Debris, Rubble, Drift

Antonyms: Erosion, Clearing, Hollow, Excavation

Example: The glacier left a long moraine along the valley.

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4 Wizened (adjective)

Shrunken and wrinkled, especially because of old age. (बुढ़ापे के कारण झुर्रीदार और सिकुड़ा हुआ)

Synonyms: Wrinkled, Shriveled, Withered, Shrunken

Antonyms: Youthful, Smooth, Plump, Fresh

Example: The wizened old farmer sat quietly beneath the tree.

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5 Garrote (verb)

To kill someone by strangling them with a cord or wire. (रस्सी या तार से गला घोंटकर मारना)

Synonyms: Strangle, Choke, Throttle, Suffocate

Antonyms: Release, Rescue, Revive, Liberate

Example: The assassin attempted to garrote the guard with a wire.

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6 Strapping (adjective)

Tall, strong and physically well-built. (लंबा, मजबूत और सुगठित)

Synonyms: Sturdy, Robust, Muscular, Brawny

Antonyms: Frail, Weak, Feeble, Delicate

Example: A strapping young man lifted the heavy box with ease.

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7 Patina (noun)

A thin layer that develops naturally on the surface of metal or other material over time. (समय के साथ सतह पर बनने वाली पतली परत)

Synonyms: Coating, Tarnish, Film, Sheen

Antonyms: Bareness, Cleanliness, Newness, Polish

Example: The old bronze statue had developed a green patina.

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8 Triptych (noun)

A picture, artwork or set of panels consisting of three connected parts. (तीन जुड़े हुए भागों वाली कलाकृति)

Synonyms: Three-panel Work, Trilogy, Trio, Three-part Composition

Antonyms: Monolith, Single Panel, Individual Piece, Unity

Example: The museum displayed a medieval triptych above the altar.

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9 Frond (noun)

A large, divided leaf of a fern or palm tree. (फर्न या ताड़ का बड़ा विभाजित पत्ता)

Synonyms: Leaf, Foliage, Blade, Palm-leaf

Antonyms: Root, Stem, Trunk, Branch

Example: A large green frond hung over the garden path.

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10 Foppish (adjective)

Excessively concerned with fashionable clothes and appearance. (अत्यधिक बनावटी और फैशनेबल)

Synonyms: Dandified, Flashy, Stylish, Vain

Antonyms: Modest, Unfashionable, Plain, Unpretentious

Example: His foppish clothes attracted attention at the formal gathering.

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1 Fastidious (adjective)

Very attentive to detail and difficult to satisfy regarding cleanliness or accuracy. (अत्यंत सावधान और सूक्ष्म बातों पर ध्यान देने वाला)

Synonyms: Meticulous, Punctilious, Exacting, Particular

Antonyms: Careless, Sloppy, Negligent, Indifferent

Example: The fastidious editor checked every sentence for even the smallest error.

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2 Efficacy (noun)

The ability to produce the intended or desired result. (प्रभावकारिता)

Synonyms: Effectiveness, Potency, Usefulness, Success

Antonyms: Inefficacy, Ineffectiveness, Futility, Failure

Example: Researchers conducted several trials to determine the efficacy of the new treatment.

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3 Erudite (adjective)

Having or showing extensive knowledge gained through study. (विद्वान)

Synonyms: Learned, Scholarly, Knowledgeable, Intellectual

Antonyms: Ignorant, Unlearned, Illiterate, Uneducated

Example: The erudite professor explained the complex theory with remarkable clarity.

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4 Mollify (verb)

Calm someone’s anger or anxiety and make them less upset. (शांत करना)

Synonyms: Appease, Pacify, Soothe, Placate

Antonyms: Enrage, Provoke, Agitate, Irritate

Example: The manager offered a refund to mollify the dissatisfied customer.

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5 Paragon (noun)

A person or thing regarded as a perfect example of a particular quality. (आदर्श प्रतिमान)

Synonyms: Exemplar, Ideal, Model, Epitome

Antonyms: Disgrace, Failure, Inferior, Mediocrity

Example: She is considered a paragon of honesty and professional integrity.

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6 Taciturn (adjective)

Habitually quiet and unwilling to speak much. (अल्पभाषी)

Synonyms: Reticent, Reserved, Laconic, Uncommunicative

Antonyms: Talkative, Garrulous, Loquacious, Communicative

Example: The taciturn guard answered every question with only a few words.

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7 Foment (verb)

Encourage or stir up undesirable actions, feelings, or trouble. (भड़काना)

Synonyms: Incite, Instigate, Provoke, Agitate

Antonyms: Suppress, Quell, Pacify, Discourage

Example: The inflammatory speech was intended to foment unrest among the workers.

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8 Dirge (noun)

A slow and mournful song or poem expressing grief, especially for someone who has died. (शोकगीत)

Synonyms: Lament, Elegy, Requiem, Threnody

Antonyms: Paean, Celebration, Jubilation, Rejoicing

Example: The musicians played a solemn dirge during the funeral procession.

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9 Capricious (adjective)

Given to sudden and unpredictable changes in mood or behaviour. (मनमौजी और अस्थिर)

Synonyms: Fickle, Whimsical, Unpredictable, Inconstant

Antonyms: Consistent, Stable, Predictable, Steadfast

Example: The capricious weather changed from bright sunshine to heavy rain within minutes.

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10 Ameliorate (verb)

Make something unpleasant or difficult better. (सुधारना)

Synonyms: Improve, Enhance, Better, Alleviate

Antonyms: Worsen, Aggravate, Impair, Deteriorate

Example: The government introduced several measures to ameliorate the living conditions of rural communities.

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11 Lugubrious (adjective)

Looking or sounding sad, gloomy, and mournful. (शोकपूर्ण)

Synonyms: Mournful, Gloomy, Melancholy, Doleful

Antonyms: Cheerful, Joyful, Jubilant, Lighthearted

Example: His lugubrious expression revealed his deep disappointment.

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12 Bolster (verb)

Support or strengthen something. (मज़बूत करना)

Synonyms: Support, Strengthen, Reinforce, Fortify

Antonyms: Weaken, Undermine, Impair, Discourage

Example: The new policy is expected to bolster the rural economy.

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13 Chicanery (noun)

The use of deception or dishonest methods to achieve a purpose. (छल-कपट)

Synonyms: Deception, Trickery, Fraud, Duplicity

Antonyms: Honesty, Sincerity, Candour, Fairness

Example: The businessman used legal chicanery to avoid paying the penalty.

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14 Venerable (adjective)

Accorded great respect because of age, wisdom, or character. (पूजनीय)

Synonyms: Respected, Esteemed, Revered, Honoured

Antonyms: Disreputable, Contemptible, Dishonoured, Unrespected

Example: The venerable scholar was admired for his wisdom and integrity.

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15 Enervate (verb)

Cause someone to feel weak or lacking in energy. (निर्बल करना)

Synonyms: Weaken, Exhaust, Debilitate, Drain

Antonyms: Strengthen, Energize, Invigorate, Fortify

Example: The intense heat began to enervate the workers by noon.

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16 Alacrity (noun)

Cheerful readiness and eagerness to do something. (तत्परता)

Synonyms: Eagerness, Readiness, Enthusiasm, Promptness

Antonyms: Reluctance, Hesitation, Apathy, Sluggishness

Example: She accepted the challenging assignment with alacrity.

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17 Pernicious (adjective)

Having a very harmful or destructive effect, especially gradually. (हानिकारक)

Synonyms: Harmful, Destructive, Deleterious, Noxious

Antonyms: Beneficial, Harmless, Wholesome, Benign

Example: Corruption has a pernicious effect on public institutions.

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18 Assuage (verb)

Make an unpleasant feeling less intense or severe. (शांत करना)

Synonyms: Alleviate, Relieve, Soothe, Mitigate

Antonyms: Aggravate, Intensify, Exacerbate, Provoke

Example: The manager tried to assuage the employees’ fears about possible job losses.

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19 Obdurate (adjective)

Stubbornly refusing to change one’s opinion or course of action. (हठी)

Synonyms: Stubborn, Adamant, Inflexible, Unyielding

Antonyms: Flexible, Compliant, Yielding, Amenable

Example: Despite repeated requests, the obdurate official refused to reconsider the decision.

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20 Sycophant (noun)

A person who praises powerful people excessively to gain an advantage. (चापलूस)

Synonyms: Flatterer, Toady, Fawner, Parasite

Antonyms: Critic, Opponent, Rebel, Independent

Example: The minister surrounded himself with sycophants who agreed with every decision.

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1 Disallow (verb)

To refuse to permit or accept something. (अनुमति न देना)

Synonyms: Prohibit, Forbid, Reject, Prevent

Antonyms: Allow, Permit, Approve, Authorize

Example: The rules disallow candidates from using electronic devices during the examination.

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2 Planetary (adjective)

Relating to planets or affecting the whole world. (ग्रहों या संपूर्ण विश्व से संबंधित)

Synonyms: Global, Worldwide, Celestial, Astronomical

Antonyms: Local, Regional, Limited, Confined

Example: Climate change is a planetary issue that requires global cooperation.

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3 Adolescent (adjective)

Relating to the stage between childhood and adulthood. (किशोरावस्था से संबंधित)

Synonyms: Teenage, Youthful, Juvenile, Pubescent

Antonyms: Adult, Mature, Elderly, Grown-up

Example: Adolescent children often experience rapid physical and emotional changes.

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4 Scythe (verb)

To cut grass, crops, or other vegetation with a long curved blade or a sweeping movement. (हँसिए से काटना)

Synonyms: Mow, Reap, Cut, Slash

Antonyms: Plant, Sow, Grow, Cultivate

Example: The farmer scythed the tall grass early in the morning.

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5 Summarize (verb)

To give a brief statement containing the main points of something. (संक्षेप में प्रस्तुत करना)

Synonyms: Condense, Recapitulate, Outline, Abridge

Antonyms: Elaborate, Expand, Detail, Amplify

Example: The teacher asked the students to summarize the chapter in five sentences.

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6 Poultice (noun)

A soft, moist substance applied to the body to relieve pain or inflammation. (दर्द या सूजन कम करने के लिए लगाया जाने वाला लेप)

Synonyms: Compress, Cataplasm, Plaster, Dressing

Antonyms: Irritant, Aggravator, Toxin, Poison

Example: The healer applied a warm herbal poultice to the swollen joint.

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7 Foretell (verb)

To predict or announce an event before it happens. (भविष्यवाणी करना)

Synonyms: Predict, Prophesy, Forecast, Foreshadow

Antonyms: Recount, Recall, Review, Remember

Example: Dark clouds often foretell the arrival of a storm.

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8 Borough (noun)

A town, district, or administrative division within a city. (नगर या प्रशासनिक क्षेत्र)

Synonyms: District, Municipality, Township, Precinct

Antonyms: Countryside, Wilderness, Rural Area, Unincorporated Area

Example: She was elected as a representative of the local borough.

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9 Hexagonal (adjective)

Having six straight sides and six angles. (षट्कोणीय)

Synonyms: Six-sided, Six-angled, Sextangular, Hexagon-shaped

Antonyms: Circular, Triangular, Square, Irregular

Example: Each cell of a honeycomb has a hexagonal shape.

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10 Prairie (noun)

A large, open area of grassland, especially in North America. (विशाल घास का मैदान)

Synonyms: Grassland, Plain, Savanna, Steppe

Antonyms: Forest, Woodland, Desert, Mountain

Example: Herds of bison once roamed freely across the vast prairie.

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11 Luscious (adjective)

Very delicious, richly appealing, or pleasantly attractive. (अत्यंत स्वादिष्ट, मनोहर या आकर्षक)

Synonyms: Delicious, Juicy, Delectable, Succulent

Antonyms: Bland, Tasteless, Dry, Unappetizing

Example: The guests enjoyed the luscious mangoes served after dinner.

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12 Psyche (noun)

The human mind, soul, or deepest thoughts and feelings. (मानव मन, आत्मा या आंतरिक भावनाएँ)

Synonyms: Mind, Soul, Spirit, Consciousness

Antonyms: Body, Flesh, Matter, Physicality

Example: Childhood experiences can have a lasting effect on a person’s psyche.

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13 Limbo (noun)

An uncertain situation in which no progress or decision is possible. (अनिश्चितता और असमंजस की स्थिति)

Synonyms: Uncertainty, Suspension, Stalemate, Inaction

Antonyms: Certainty, Resolution, Decision, Progress

Example: The construction project remained in limbo because its funding had not been approved.

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14 Exoteric (adjective)

Intended for or easily understood by the general public. (सर्वसाधारण के लिए अभिप्रेत या आसानी से समझने योग्य)

Synonyms: Public, Accessible, Open, Popular

Antonyms: Esoteric, Secret, Private, Obscure

Example: The author wrote an exoteric introduction that ordinary readers could understand.

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15 Drain (verb)

To remove liquid or gradually use up energy, strength, or resources. (तरल पदार्थ निकाल देना या शक्ति तथा संसाधनों को समाप्त कर देना)

Synonyms: Deplete, Exhaust, Empty, Sap

Antonyms: Replenish, Restore, Fill, Energize

Example: The long and difficult journey drained all his energy.

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16 Twitch (verb)

To make a sudden, quick, involuntary movement. (अचानक और अनैच्छिक रूप से झटका खाना)

Synonyms: Jerk, Flinch, Quiver, Spasm

Antonyms: Relax, Steady, Still, Calm

Example: His eyelid began to twitch because of exhaustion.

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17 Glide (verb)

To move smoothly, quietly, and continuously. (सहजता और शांति से आगे बढ़ना)

Synonyms: Slide, Sail, Drift, Float

Antonyms: Stumble, Jerk, Halt, Trudge

Example: The swan glided gracefully across the lake.

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18 Rustle (verb)

To make a soft, light sound when things rub against one another. (सरसराहट की हल्की ध्वनि उत्पन्न करना)

Synonyms: Swish, Whisper, Crackle, Murmur

Antonyms: Silence, Hush, Quiet, Still

Example: The dry leaves rustled beneath our feet.

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19 Henpecked (adjective)

Continually controlled, criticised, or dominated by one’s wife. (पत्नी के नियंत्रण या दबाव में रहने वाला)

Synonyms: Submissive, Dominated, Browbeaten, Cowed

Antonyms: Assertive, Independent, Dominant, Commanding

Example: The henpecked husband rarely made any decision without his wife’s approval.

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20 Putsch (noun)

A sudden, violent attempt to overthrow a government. (सरकार को उखाड़ फेंकने का आकस्मिक हिंसक प्रयास)

Synonyms: Coup, Revolt, Insurrection, Uprising

Antonyms: Stability, Order, Continuity, Peace

Example: The military putsch was suppressed before the rebels could seize the capital.

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