1 Sickle (noun)

A farming tool with a short handle and a curved blade used for cutting crops or grass. (हँसिया)

Synonyms: Reaping Hook, Reaper, Billhook, Harvesting Blade

Antonyms: Planter, Seeder, Cultivator, Sower

Example: The farmer used a sickle to cut the ripe wheat.

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2 Mortar (noun)

A mixture of cement, sand, and water used to bind bricks or stones together. (गारा)

Synonyms: Cement, Grout, Plaster, Binding Material

Antonyms: Separator, Solvent, Detacher, Divider

Example: The mason used mortar to join the bricks firmly.

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3 Dementia (noun)

A condition involving a serious decline in memory, thinking, and other mental abilities. (मनोभ्रंश)

Synonyms: Cognitive Decline, Mental Deterioration, Senility, Cognitive Impairment

Antonyms: Cognition, Lucidity, Mental Clarity, Soundness

Example: Dementia can gradually affect a person’s memory and ability to perform daily activities.

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4 Spherical (adjective)

Having the shape of a sphere; round like a ball. (गोलाकार)

Synonyms: Round, Globular, Orbicular, Ball-Shaped

Antonyms: Flat, Angular, Planar, Irregular

Example: The scientist examined a spherical object under the microscope.

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5 Cubic (adjective)

Having the shape of a cube or relating to a measurement obtained by multiplying three dimensions. (घनाकार)

Synonyms: Cubical, Cube-Shaped, Three-Dimensional, Blocklike

Antonyms: The tank can hold several cubic metres of water.

Example:

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6 Dislocate (verb)

To move a bone or joint from its normal position or to disrupt the normal arrangement of something. (जोड़ खिसकाना)

Synonyms: Displace, Luxate, Derange, Disturb

Antonyms: Reposition, Align, Restore, Stabilize

Example: He dislocated his shoulder while playing football.

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7 Drizzle (noun/verb)

Light rain falling in very small drops or to rain lightly. (फुहार पड़ना)

Synonyms: Sprinkle, Mist, Shower, Spatter

Antonyms: Downpour, Deluge, Torrent, Drought

Example: A light drizzle began just before sunset.

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8 Trill (noun/verb)

A rapid succession of short, high-pitched sounds or to produce such sounds. (कंपित स्वर निकालना)

Synonyms: Warble, Chirp, Quaver, Tremolo

Antonyms: Silence, Hush, Stillness, Quiet

Example: We heard the cheerful trill of a bird outside the window.

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9 Intoxicate (verb)

To make someone drunk or affect them with alcohol or drugs; to excite greatly. (नशे में करना)

Synonyms: Inebriate, Befuddle, Stupefy, Enrapture

Antonyms: Sober, Clarify, Calm, Disenchant

Example: Excessive alcohol can intoxicate a person and impair judgment.

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10 Pharmacy (noun)

A shop or place where medicines and medical products are prepared, dispensed, or sold. (औषधालय)

Synonyms: Drugstore, Chemist’s, Dispensary, Apothecary

Antonyms: Nonmedical Store, Grocery, Boutique, Hardware Store

Example: She went to the pharmacy to buy some medicine.

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11 Binary (noun/adjective)

Consisting of or involving two parts, choices, or elements. (दो भागों या तत्वों से मिलकर बना हुआ)

Synonyms: Dual, Twofold, Bipartite, Dichotomous

Antonyms: Singular, Multiple, Unitary, Undivided

Example: Computers process information using the binary system of zeros and ones.

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12 Flush (verb/adjective/noun)

To become red in the face, especially because of embarrassment, heat, or excitement; also, to wash something out with a flow of water. (चेहरा लाल होना; पानी के प्रवाह से साफ करना)

Synonyms: Blush, Redd en, Cleanse, Rinse

Antonyms: Pale, Drain, Soil, Dirty

Example: Her face began to flush when everyone praised her achievement.

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13 Spar (verb/noun)

To fight or argue with someone, especially as practice or in a playful manner. (अभ्यास या हल्के रूप में लड़ना या बहस करना)

Synonyms: Box, Argue, Quarrel, Bicker

Antonyms: Agree, Cooperate, Reconcile, Harmonize

Example: The two boxers sparred for several rounds before the championship.

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14 Duel (noun/verb)

A fight or contest between two people, traditionally using weapons. (दो व्यक्तियों के बीच द्वंद्व या मुकाबला)

Synonyms: Combat, Contest, Encounter, Confrontation

Antonyms: Peace, Truce, Reconciliation, Agreement

Example: The two rivals agreed to duel to settle their dispute.

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15 Cameo (noun)

A brief appearance by a well-known person in a film, play, or other performance. (किसी प्रसिद्ध व्यक्ति की संक्षिप्त भूमिका)

Synonyms: Appearance, Guest Role, Brief Role, Walk-on

Antonyms: Lead, Protagonist, Main Role, Starring Role

Example: The famous actor made a cameo in the final scene of the movie.

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16 Parasol (noun)

A light umbrella used mainly for protection from the sun. (धूप से बचाव के लिए प्रयोग की जाने वाली हल्की छतरी)

Synonyms: Sunshade, Umbrella, Canopy, Shade

Antonyms: Exposure, Sunlight, Glare, Openness

Example: She carried a parasol to protect herself from the intense afternoon sun.

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17 Stalagmite (noun)

A mineral deposit that rises from the floor of a cave due to dripping water. (गुफा की भूमि से ऊपर उठने वाली खनिज संरचना)

Synonyms: Cave Deposit, Mineral Deposit, Calcite Formation, Speleothem

Antonyms: Stalactite, Ceiling Formation, Hanging Deposit, Pendant Formation

Example: A huge stalagmite had formed on the cave floor over thousands of years.

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18 Atlas (noun)

A book or collection of maps, often showing geographical information. (मानचित्रों का संग्रह)

Synonyms: Mapbook, Gazetteer, Cartographic Collection, Map Collection

Antonyms: Textbook, Novel, Narrative, Manuscript

Example: He opened the atlas to locate the countries of Central Asia.

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19 Hedge means creating a boundary or protection to stay safe from risk. (noun/adjective)

A bright purplish-red colour. (गहरा बैंगनी-लाल रंग)

Synonyms: Fuchsia, Cerise, Crimson, Purplish-red

Antonyms: Green, Emerald, Lime, Chartreuse

Example: She wore a beautiful magenta dress to the ceremony.

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20 Hedge (noun/verb)

A fence or boundary formed by closely growing bushes; also, to protect oneself against possible loss or risk. (बाड़; जोखिम से बचाव करना)

Synonyms: Barrier, Fence, Boundary, Safeguard

Antonyms: Opening, Exposure, Risk, Vulnerability

Example: The farmer planted a hedge around the field to protect his crops.

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1 Microscopic (adjective)

Extremely small and visible only with the help of a microscope. (सूक्ष्मदर्शीय)

Synonyms: Minute, Tiny, Minuscule, Infinitesimal

Antonyms: Gigantic, Enormous, Colossal, Macroscopic

Example: Bacteria are microscopic organisms that cannot usually be seen with the naked eye.

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2 Generic (adjective)

Relating to a whole group or class rather than a particular individual or brand. (सामान्य)

Synonyms: General, Common, Universal, Nonspecific

Antonyms: Specific, Particular, Individual, Distinctive

Example: The doctor prescribed a generic version of the medicine instead of a branded one.

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3 Bedeck (verb)

To decorate or adorn something, especially in an elaborate way. (सजाना)

Synonyms: Adorn, Decorate, Embellish, Ornament

Antonyms: Strip, Disfigure, Deface, Undecorate

Example: They bedecked the hall with flowers and colourful lights for the celebration.

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4 Biped (noun)

An animal or being that walks on two legs. (द्विपाद प्राणी)

Synonyms: Two-footer, Two-legged Creature, Bipod, Bipedal Animal

Antonyms: Quadruped, Tetrapod, Four-footer, Four-legged Animal

Example: A human being is a biped because a person normally walks on two legs.

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5 Frugivorous (adjective)

Feeding mainly or entirely on fruit. (फलाहारी)

Synonyms: Fruit-eating, Fruit-feeding, Fructivorous, Carpophagous

Antonyms: Carnivorous, Insectivorous, Piscivorous, Hematophagous

Example: Many bats are frugivorous and survive mainly on fruits.

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6 Tannery (noun)

A place where animal hides are processed and made into leather. (चर्मशोधनशाला)

Synonyms: Leatherworks, Leather Factory, Hideworks, Tanning Factory

Antonyms: Farm, Textile Mill, Paper Mill, Sawmill

Example: The hides were sent to the tannery to be converted into leather.

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7 Knapsack (noun)

A bag carried on the back, especially by hikers or soldiers. (पीठ पर लटकाया जाने वाला थैला)

Synonyms: Backpack, Rucksack, Haversack, Packsack

Antonyms: Suitcase, Briefcase, Handbag, Trunk

Example: The hiker carried food, water and a map in his knapsack.

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8 Divisor (noun)

A number by which another number is divided. (भाजक)

Synonyms: Factor, Denominator, Divider, Measure

Antonyms: Dividend, Multiple, Product, Numerator

Example: In the expression 20 ÷ 5, the number 5 is the divisor.

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9 Asterisk (noun)

A star-shaped symbol (*) used to mark a note, reference, omission or special point. (तारक-चिह्न)

Synonyms: Star, Symbol, Mark, Sign

Antonyms: Blank, Omission, Absence, Unmarkedness

Example: An asterisk beside the sentence indicated that more information was given below.

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10 Morphology (noun)

The study of the forms and structures of organisms or words. (आकृति-विज्ञान)

Synonyms: Structure, Form, Configuration, Anatomy

Antonyms: Amorphousness, Formlessness, Disorder, Disorganization

Example: The scientist studied the morphology of the newly discovered plant species.

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11 Misologist (noun)

A person who dislikes, distrusts or hates reasoning and logical argument. (तर्क और विवेक से घृणा करने वाला व्यक्ति)

Synonyms: Irrationalist, Anti-intellectual, Obscurantist, Reason-hater

Antonyms: Rationalist, Logician, Intellectual, Thinker

Example: A misologist often rejects logical arguments without properly considering them.

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12 Somersault (noun)

An acrobatic movement in which the body rolls forward or backward head over heels. (कलाबाज़ी)

Synonyms: Flip, Tumble, Roll, Handspring

Antonyms: Stillness, Stability, Uprightness, Immobility

Example: The gymnast performed a perfect somersault in the air.

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13 Trisect (verb)

To divide something into three equal parts. (तीन बराबर भागों में विभाजित करना)

Synonyms: Third, Partition, Segment, Tripartition

Antonyms: Unite, Combine, Join, Integrate

Example: The students were asked to trisect the angle accurately.

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14 Claptrap (noun)

Absurd or meaningless talk or ideas. (निरर्थक या बकवास बातें)

Synonyms: Nonsense, Balderdash, Twaddle, Drivel

Antonyms: Sense, Wisdom, Truth, Substance

Example: The audience soon realised that his speech was nothing more than claptrap.

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15 Octagonal (adjective)

Having eight sides and eight angles. (आठ भुजाओं और आठ कोणों वाला)

Synonyms: Eight-sided, Eight-angled, Octangular, Octagon-shaped

Antonyms: Circular, Round, Curved, Non-octagonal

Example: The building has a distinctive octagonal tower.

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16 Juggle (verb)

To continuously throw and catch several objects or to manage several activities at the same time. (कई वस्तुओं या कार्यों को एक साथ संभालना)

Synonyms: Toss, Manipulate, Balance, Handle

Antonyms: Drop, Fumble, Mishandle, Neglect

Example: She had to juggle her job, studies and family responsibilities.

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17 Doltish (adjective)

Stupid or slow to understand. (मूर्ख या मंदबुद्धि)

Synonyms: Foolish, Stupid, Dim-witted, Obtuse

Antonyms: Intelligent, Clever, Bright, Astute

Example: His doltish remarks irritated everyone in the meeting.

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18 Mysophobia (noun)

An extreme or irrational fear of dirt, germs or contamination. (गंदगी या कीटाणुओं का अत्यधिक भय)

Synonyms: Germophobia, Bacillophobia, Bacteriophobia, Germ Fear

Antonyms: Fearlessness, Calmness, Confidence, Unconcern

Example: His mysophobia made him wash his hands repeatedly.

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19 Overcast (adjective)

Covered with clouds; dull and gloomy. (बादलों से ढका हुआ)

Synonyms: Cloudy, Gloomy, Sunless, Clouded

Antonyms: Clear, Sunny, Bright, Cloudless

Example: The sky remained overcast throughout the afternoon.

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20 Zoology (noun)

The scientific study of animals and their behaviour, structure and classification. (प्राणिविज्ञान)

Synonyms: Animal Science, Animal Biology, Zoobiology, Faunal Science

Antonyms: Botany, Phytology, Plant Science, Plant Biology

Example: She decided to study zoology because of her fascination with wildlife.

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1 Occidental (adjective)

Relating to the Western part of the world, especially Europe and the Americas. (पाश्चात्य)

Synonyms: Western, Westerly, European, Westward

Antonyms: Oriental, Eastern, Easterly, Asiatic

Example: The scholar compared Occidental philosophy with traditional Eastern thought.

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2 Lacustrine (adjective)

Relating to, formed in or living in lakes. (झील से संबंधित)

Synonyms: Lake, Lakeside, Limnetic, Lake-Dwelling

Antonyms: Marine, Oceanic, Terrestrial, Fluvial

Example: Scientists examined the lacustrine sediments preserved at the bottom of the ancient lake.

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3 Auroral (adjective)

Relating to dawn or to the natural coloured lights known as an aurora. (उषाकाल या ध्रुवीय ज्योति से संबंधित)

Synonyms: Dawning, Daybreak, Luminous, Radiant

Antonyms: Nocturnal, Dark, Gloomy, Dusky

Example: The travellers watched the magnificent auroral lights glowing across the northern sky.

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4 Alluvial (adjective)

Relating to soil, sand or sediment deposited by flowing water. (नदी द्वारा जमा की गई जलोढ़ मिट्टी से संबंधित)

Synonyms: Depositional, Sedimentary, Fluvial, Riverine

Antonyms: Erosional, Residual, Rocky, Upland

Example: The alluvial plains of the river valley are highly fertile.

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5 Megalith (noun)

A very large stone used in prehistoric monuments or structures. (विशाल पाषाण)

Synonyms: Monolith, Boulder, Standing Stone, Stone Block

Antonyms: Pebble, Gravel, Fragment, Small Stone

Example: Archaeologists discovered a massive megalith standing at the centre of the ancient site.

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6 Eremite (noun)

A person who lives alone in seclusion, especially for religious reasons. (एकांतवासी तपस्वी)

Synonyms: Hermit, Recluse, Anchorite, Ascetic

Antonyms: Socialite, Extrovert, Companion, Gregarious Person

Example: The eremite spent many years living alone in a remote mountain cave.

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7 Majordomo (noun)

A person who manages a large household or acts as the chief steward or administrator. (प्रधान प्रबंधक)

Synonyms: Steward, Manager, Administrator, Overseer

Antonyms: Subordinate, Underling, Assistant, Servant

Example: The majordomo supervised the staff and managed every detail of the estate.

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8 Lineament (noun)

A distinctive feature or characteristic, especially a facial feature or outline. (विशिष्ट आकृति या रूपरेखा)

Synonyms: Feature, Contour, Outline, Characteristic

Antonyms: Indistinctness, Formlessness, Vagueness, Amorphousness

Example: The painter carefully captured every lineament of the old man’s face.

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9 Disembogue (verb)

To flow or discharge into a larger body of water, especially a river into the sea. (किसी बड़े जलाशय में प्रवाहित होना)

Synonyms: Discharge, Empty, Flow, Pour

Antonyms: Retain, Collect, Contain, Accumulate

Example: The river disembogues into the sea through a broad delta.

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10 Crepitate (verb)

To make a series of sharp, crackling or popping sounds. (चटचटाहट की आवाज़ करना)

Synonyms: Crackle, Pop, Snap, Crack

Antonyms: Hush, Silence, Muffle, Quiet

Example: The dry leaves began to crepitate as the flames spread through them.

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11 Riverine (adjective)

Relating to, formed by, or situated near a river or its banks. (नदी या नदी-तट से संबंधित)

Synonyms: Riparian, Fluvial, Riverside, Riverbank

Antonyms: Marine, Oceanic, Lacustrine, Terrestrial

Example: The riverine communities depend heavily on fishing and agriculture.

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12 Alderman (noun)

A member of a city or municipal legislative body or council. (नगर परिषद या नगरपालिका की विधायी संस्था का सदस्य)

Synonyms: Councillor, Councilman, Legislator, Municipal Official

Antonyms: Constituent, Elector, Resident, Private Citizen

Example: The alderman proposed new measures to improve sanitation in the city.

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13 Outclass (verb)

Surpass someone or something decisively in quality, ability, or performance. (गुणवत्ता, क्षमता या प्रदर्शन में बहुत अधिक श्रेष्ठ होना)

Synonyms: Surpass, Eclipse, Excel, Outshine

Antonyms: Trail, Lag, Underperform, Fail

Example: The young athlete managed to outclass all her experienced competitors.

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14 Nescient (adjective)

Lacking knowledge or awareness; ignorant. (अज्ञानी; अनभिज्ञ)

Synonyms: Ignorant, Unaware, Unknowing, Uninformed

Antonyms: Knowledgeable, Aware, Informed, Learned

Example: The nescient student was unaware of the fundamental principles of economics.

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15 Apotropaic (adjective)

Intended to avert evil, harm, or bad luck. (बुराई, हानि या दुर्भाग्य को दूर करने वाला)

Synonyms: Protective, Talismanic, Warding, Prophylactic

Antonyms: Harmful, Malevolent, Malign, Baleful

Example: The villagers believed that the symbol had apotropaic powers.

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16 Paralogism (noun)

A fallacious or logically invalid argument or conclusion. (दोषपूर्ण या अवैध तर्क)

Synonyms: Fallacy, Sophism, Misreasoning, Invalidity

Antonyms: Logic, Validity, Soundness, Demonstration

Example: His conclusion rested on a paralogism rather than sound reasoning.

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17 Underfund (verb)

Provide less money than is necessary or required. (आवश्यकता से कम धन उपलब्ध कराना)

Synonyms: Underfinance, Shortchange, Starve, Skimp

Antonyms: Overfund, Finance, Endow, Subsidize

Example: The government should not underfund essential public health programmes.

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18 Equipollent (adjective)

Equal in force, power, effect, or significance. (समान शक्ति, प्रभाव या महत्त्व वाला)

Synonyms: Equivalent, Equal, Tantamount, Equipotent

Antonyms: Unequal, Inequivalent, Disparate, Different

Example: The two proposals were considered equipollent in their practical effect.

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19 Decalogue (noun)

The Ten Commandments or any authoritative set of ten rules. (दस आज्ञाएँ; दस नियमों की प्रामाणिक संहिता)

Synonyms: Commandments, Code, Precepts, Rules

Antonyms: Lawlessness, Anarchy, Disorder, Permissiveness

Example: The reformer presented a decalogue of principles for ethical governance.

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20 Defrock (verb)

Deprive someone, especially a member of the clergy, of their official position or status. (धर्मपद से हटाना; पदच्युत करना)

Synonyms: Depose, Dismiss, Oust, Remove

Antonyms: Appoint, Install, Induct, Reinstate

Example: The priest was defrocked after being found guilty of serious misconduct.

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1 Chandler (noun)

A person who makes or sells candles, or a dealer who supplies provisions and equipment, especially for ships. (मोमबत्ती बनाने या बेचने वाला अथवा जहाज़ी सामान का विक्रेता)

Synonyms: Candlemaker, Candleseller, Waxworker, Supplier

Antonyms: Customer, Buyer, Purchaser, Consumer

Example: The village chandler supplied handmade candles to homes and churches.

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2 Gordian (adjective)

Extremely complicated, intricate, or difficult to solve. (अत्यंत जटिल)

Synonyms: Intricate, Complicated, Knotty, Involved

Antonyms: Simple, Straightforward, Clear, Uncomplicated

Example: The government faced a Gordian problem involving several conflicting interests.

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3 Pediment (noun)

A triangular upper part of the front of a classical building, usually above an entrance or portico. (इमारत के अग्रभाग का त्रिकोणाकार शीर्ष)

Synonyms: Gable, Fronton, Gable-end, Architectural Crown

Antonyms: Base, Plinth, Footing, Foundation

Example: A beautifully carved pediment decorated the entrance of the ancient temple.

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4 Bedevil (verb)

To trouble, torment, confuse, or cause persistent difficulties for someone. (बहुत परेशान करना)

Synonyms: Plague, Torment, Harass, Trouble

Antonyms: Comfort, Soothe, Assist, Relieve

Example: Technical problems continued to bedevil the project for several months.

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5 Lumpen (adjective)

Belonging to or characteristic of a socially disadvantaged, crude, or uneducated section of society. (निम्नवर्गीय या असंस्कृत)

Synonyms: Plebeian, Lower-class, Proletarian, Uncultivated

Antonyms: Aristocratic, Refined, Cultured, Elite

Example: The novel portrays the difficult lives of lumpen sections of the city.

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6 Obtund (verb)

To make something less sharp, intense, sensitive, or severe. (कुंद या संवेदनहीन करना)

Synonyms: Dull, Blunt, Numb, Deaden

Antonyms: Sharpen, Intensify, Sensitize, Stimulate

Example: The medicine helped obtund the severe pain after the operation.

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7 Incondite (adjective)

Badly constructed, crude, or lacking refinement. (अपरिष्कृत या भद्दा)

Synonyms: Crude, Unpolished, Rough, Unrefined

Antonyms: Polished, Refined, Elegant, Well-crafted

Example: The author’s early work was incondite and lacked a clear structure.

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8 Levigate (verb)

To grind a substance into a fine smooth powder or paste, or to make it smooth. (बारीक पीसना या चिकना करना)

Synonyms: Grind, Pulverize, Triturate, Polish

Antonyms: Roughen, Coarsen, Granulate, Scratch

Example: The pharmacist levigated the powder before mixing it into the ointment.

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9 Fulgurate (verb)

To flash or shine suddenly like lightning. (बिजली की तरह चमकना)

Synonyms: Flash, Gleam, Sparkle, Coruscate

Antonyms: Dim, Darken, Fade, Dull

Example: Lightning seemed to fulgurate across the stormy night sky.

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10 Stenography (noun)

A system of rapid writing using shorthand signs or a special machine to record speech. (आशुलिपि)

Synonyms: Shorthand, Tachygraphy, Stenotype, Phonography

Antonyms: Longhand, Full Writing, Unabbreviated Writing, Ordinary Writing

Example: She learned stenography to record the speaker’s words quickly and accurately.

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11 Inerrant (adjective)

Incapable of being wrong or containing errors. (त्रुटिरहित या गलती से रहित)

Synonyms: Infallible, Unerring, Faultless, Errorless

Antonyms: Fallible, Erroneous, Faulty, Incorrect

Example: No human judgment should automatically be considered inerrant.

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12 Flummery (noun)

Empty compliments, meaningless talk, or insincere flattery. (खोखली बातें या झूठी चापलूसी)

Synonyms: Flattery, Nonsense, Humbug, Blandishment

Antonyms: Sincerity, Candor, Truthfulness, Frankness

Example: The audience was unimpressed by the speaker's flummery and exaggerated praise.

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13 Depoliticize (verb)

Remove political influence, control, or significance from something. (किसी विषय या संस्था से राजनीतिक प्रभाव हटाना)

Synonyms: Neutralize, Deideologize, Disengage, Detach

Antonyms: Politicize, Partisanize, Ideologize, Polarize

Example: The committee sought to depoliticize the appointment process.

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14 Diachronic (adjective)

Concerned with the development or change of something over a period of time. (समय के साथ होने वाले विकास या परिवर्तन से संबंधित)

Synonyms: Historical, Evolutionary, Temporal, Developmental

Antonyms: Synchronic, Static, Simultaneous, Contemporary

Example: The scholar conducted a diachronic study of changes in the English language.

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15 Decarbonize (verb)

Reduce or eliminate carbon dioxide emissions from an activity, process, or economy. (कार्बन डाइऑक्साइड उत्सर्जन को कम या समाप्त करना)

Synonyms: De-carbonate, Defossilize, Electrify, Cleanse

Antonyms: Carbonize, Pollute, Emit, Contaminate

Example: Many countries are investing in renewable energy to decarbonize their economies.

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16 Consilience (noun)

Agreement or convergence of evidence from different independent sources. (विभिन्न स्वतंत्र स्रोतों के प्रमाणों का एक ही निष्कर्ष पर अभिसरण)

Synonyms: Convergence, Accord, Agreement, Concordance

Antonyms: Divergence, Disagreement, Conflict, Discord

Example: The theory gained credibility through the consilience of evidence from biology and archaeology.

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17 Misconceive (verb)

Form a wrong idea or understanding of something. (गलत समझना)

Synonyms: Misunderstand, Misinterpret, Misapprehend, Misconstrue

Antonyms: Understand, Comprehend, Grasp, Interpret

Example: Many people misconceive silence as a sign of weakness.

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18 Subrogation (noun)

The substitution of one person or party for another with respect to a legal right or claim. (कानूनी अधिकार या दावे में एक पक्ष के स्थान पर दूसरे पक्ष का प्रतिस्थापन)

Synonyms: Substitution, Replacement, Succession, Transfer

Antonyms: Retention, Preservation, Continuance, Possession

Example: The insurer exercised its right of subrogation after compensating the policyholder.

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19 Gasconade (noun)

Extravagant boasting or bragging. (डींग या शेखी)

Synonyms: Boasting, Bragging, Bluster, Swaggering

Antonyms: Modesty, Humility, Reserve, Reticence

Example: His gasconade about his achievements annoyed everyone at the meeting.

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20 Indefeasible (adjective)

Not capable of being annulled, defeated, or made void. (अपराजेय या रद्द न किया जा सकने वाला)

Synonyms: Inalienable, Irrevocable, Absolute, Unassailable

Antonyms: Revocable, Defeasible, Voidable, Rescindable

Example: The constitution guarantees citizens certain indefeasible rights.

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1 Pabulum (noun)

Bland, simplistic or intellectually undemanding material, especially in speech or writing. (नीरस, अत्यधिक सरल या बौद्धिक रूप से कम चुनौतीपूर्ण सामग्री)

Synonyms: Pap, Drivel, Platitude, Banality

Antonyms: Substance, Depth, Insight, Profundity

Example: Serious readers criticized the article as little more than political pabulum.

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2 Metathesis (noun)

The transposition or interchange of sounds, letters or elements within a word or structure. (शब्द या संरचना में ध्वनियों, अक्षरों या तत्वों के स्थान का अदला-बदली होना)

Synonyms: Transposition, Inversion, Rearrangement, Permutation

Antonyms: Fixation, Preservation, Stability, Retention

Example: The pronunciation of ask as aks is an example of metathesis.

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3 Eristic (adjective)

Characterized by argumentative or disputatious reasoning, especially when the aim is to win rather than discover the truth. (सत्य खोजने के बजाय विवाद जीतने के उद्देश्य से तर्क करने वाला)

Synonyms: Argumentative, Disputatious, Contentious, Polemical

Antonyms: Conciliatory, Agreeable, Cooperative, Peaceable

Example: His eristic style of debate created hostility instead of encouraging meaningful discussion.

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4 Cabotage (noun)

The transport of goods or passengers between two places within the same country, especially by sea or air. (एक ही देश के दो स्थानों के बीच माल या यात्रियों का परिवहन)

Synonyms: Coastal Trade, Domestic Transport, Coastal Shipping, Internal Carriage

Antonyms: International Trade, Foreign Transport, Overseas Shipping, Cross-border Carriage

Example: The government relaxed cabotage rules to encourage greater use of domestic ports.

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5 Ballyhoo (noun)

Extravagant, noisy or exaggerated publicity intended to attract attention. (ध्यान आकर्षित करने के लिए किया गया अतिशयोक्तिपूर्ण प्रचार)

Synonyms: Hype, Hoopla, Publicity, Promotion

Antonyms: Silence, Restraint, Understatement, Obscurity

Example: Despite all the ballyhoo surrounding the new product, its sales remained disappointing.

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6 Argosy (noun)

A large merchant ship carrying valuable cargo or a fleet of such ships. (बहुमूल्य माल ले जाने वाला बड़ा व्यापारी जहाज या ऐसे जहाजों का बेड़ा)

Synonyms: Merchantman, Vessel, Fleet, Flotilla

Antonyms: Dinghy, Skiff, Canoe, Rowboat

Example: The wealthy merchant watched his argosy sail toward distant trading ports.

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7 Fustigate (verb)

To criticize someone severely or to beat or punish harshly. (कड़ी आलोचना करना या कठोर दंड देना)

Synonyms: Castigate, Berate, Cudgel, Lambaste

Antonyms: Praise, Commend, Applaud, Laud

Example: The editorial fustigated the officials for their careless handling of the crisis.

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8 Intramural (adjective)

Existing, occurring or conducted within a particular institution or organization. (किसी संस्था या संगठन की सीमाओं के भीतर होने वाला)

Synonyms: Internal, In-house, Institutional, Domestic

Antonyms: Extramural, External, Intercollegiate, Outside

Example: The university organizes several intramural sports competitions every semester.

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9 Excogitate (verb)

To think out carefully and devise or invent something. (गहन विचार करके योजना या उपाय बनाना)

Synonyms: Devise, Invent, Contrive, Concoct

Antonyms: Copy, Imitate, Reproduce, Borrow

Example: The scientists excogitated a new method to reduce industrial waste.

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10 Gallimaufry (noun)

A confused mixture or jumble of different things. (विविध वस्तुओं का बेतरतीब मिश्रण)

Synonyms: Hodgepodge, Medley, Miscellany, Jumble

Antonyms: Uniformity, Order, Arrangement, Homogeneity

Example: The exhibition was a gallimaufry of paintings, sculptures and antique objects.

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1 Cistern (noun)

A tank used for storing water, especially one supplying a building. (पानी संग्रह करने की टंकी)

Synonyms: Tank, Reservoir, Container, Vat

Antonyms: Drain, Outlet, Channel, Discharge

Example: Rainwater from the roof was collected in an underground cistern.

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2 Marquee (noun)

A large tent used for social or commercial events; also a projecting roof over an entrance. (बड़ा समारोह-तंबू या प्रवेश द्वार के ऊपर निकली हुई छत)

Synonyms: Canopy, Pavilion, Awning, Tent

Antonyms: Open-air, Uncovered-space, Exposure, Outdoors

Example: The wedding reception was held in a large marquee in the garden.

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3 Gaseous (adjective)

Existing in or relating to the state of gas. (गैसीय अवस्था में विद्यमान)

Synonyms: Vaporous, Aeriform, Vaporous, Gaslike

Antonyms: Solid, Liquid, Condensed, Dense

Example: Water changes into a gaseous state when it evaporates.

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4 Baritone (noun/adjective)

A male singing voice between tenor and bass in range. (टेनर और बेस के बीच की पुरुष गायन-स्वर श्रेणी)

Synonyms: Baritone-voice, Midrange, Low-tenor, High-bass

Antonyms: Soprano, Treble, Falsetto, High-pitched

Example: His rich baritone voice filled the entire concert hall.

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5 Chartreuse (noun/adjective)

A bright yellowish-green colour. (चमकीला पीला-हरा रंग)

Synonyms: Yellow-green, Lime, Greenish-yellow, Citrine

Antonyms: Magenta, Purple, Violet, Crimson

Example: She wore a chartreuse jacket that immediately caught everyone's attention.

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6 Dais (noun)

A raised platform on which a speaker or honoured person stands or sits. (ऊँचा मंच)

Synonyms: Platform, Podium, Rostrum, Stage

Antonyms: Floor, Ground, Pit, Lower-level

Example: The chief guest was invited to take his seat on the dais.

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7 Majoritarian (adjective)

Based on or favouring the interests and wishes of the majority, sometimes at the expense of minorities. (बहुसंख्यक वर्ग के हितों को प्राथमिकता देने वाला)

Synonyms: Majoritative, Majority-based, Dominant, Populist

Antonyms: Minoritarian, Pluralistic, Inclusive, Egalitarian

Example: Critics argued that the policy reflected a majoritarian approach to governance.

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8 Oxygenate (verb)

To supply, treat, or combine with oxygen. (ऑक्सीजन प्रदान करना)

Synonyms: Aerate, Oxygenize, Ventilate, Oxidize

Antonyms: Deoxygenate, Suffocate, Deprive, Asphyxiate

Example: The machine helps oxygenate the patient's blood.

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9 Keepsake (noun)

A small object kept as a reminder of a person or event. (स्मृति-चिह्न)

Synonyms: Memento, Souvenir, Token, Remembrance

Antonyms: Discard, Trash, Waste, Throwaway

Example: She kept the old photograph as a keepsake from her childhood.

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10 Thoracic (adjective)

Relating to the chest or thorax. (वक्ष या छाती से संबंधित)

Synonyms: Pectoral, Chest-related, Thoracal, Intrathoracic

Antonyms: Abdominal, Pelvic, Cranial, Caudal

Example: The patient complained of severe pain in the thoracic region.

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11 Brainchild (noun)

An original idea, invention, or creation developed by a particular person. (किसी व्यक्ति की मौलिक कल्पना या रचना)

Synonyms: Idea, Creation, Invention, Concept

Antonyms: Imitation, Copy, Derivative, Plagiarism

Example: The innovative education programme was the brainchild of a young researcher.

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12 Gaslight (verb)

To manipulate someone psychologically into doubting their own memory, perception, or judgment. (किसी को अपनी स्मृति या समझ पर संदेह करने के लिए मानसिक रूप से भ्रमित करना)

Synonyms: Manipulate, Deceive, Mislead, Brainwash

Antonyms: Validate, Reassure, Affirm, Enlighten

Example: He tried to gaslight her into believing that the incident had never happened.

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13 Piggyback (verb)

To carry or be carried on someone's back or to use an existing system as support for another purpose. (पीठ पर लादकर ले जाना; किसी व्यवस्था का सहारा लेना)

Synonyms: Carry, Ride, Mount, Hitch

Antonyms: Dismount, Detach, Separate, Unload

Example: The child asked his father to piggyback him across the muddy field.

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14 Jaywalk (verb)

To cross or walk in a street illegally or without following traffic regulations. (यातायात नियमों का उल्लंघन करते हुए सड़क पार करना)

Synonyms: Cross Illegally, Cross Recklessly, Violate Traffic Rules, Cross Unlawfully

Antonyms: Cross Legally, Obey, Comply, Follow Traffic Rules

Example: Pedestrians should not jaywalk across a busy highway.

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15 Obsidian (noun)

A naturally occurring dark volcanic glass formed when lava cools rapidly. (ज्वालामुखीय काँच)

Synonyms: Volcanic Glass, Lava Glass, Natural Glass, Black Glass

Antonyms: Transparent Glass, Clear Glass, Pale Material, Translucent Material

Example: Ancient people fashioned sharp cutting tools from obsidian.

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16 Scalene (adjective)

Having all sides of unequal length, especially describing a triangle. (विषमबाहु)

Synonyms: Unequal-Sided, Asymmetrical, Irregular, Non-Equilateral

Antonyms: Equilateral, Isosceles, Equal-Sided, Symmetrical

Example: A scalene triangle has three sides of different lengths.

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17 Alabaster (noun/adjective)

A smooth, fine-grained white stone used for carving; also describing something very pale or white. (सफेद चिकना पत्थर; अत्यंत श्वेत)

Synonyms: Gypsum, White Stone, Pale, Ivory-White

Antonyms: Black, Dark, Dusky, Swarthy

Example: The sculptor carved an elegant figure from alabaster.

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18 Hemlock (noun)

A highly poisonous plant, especially one historically used as a deadly poison. (विषैला पौधा)

Synonyms: Poison Hemlock, Conium, Poison Parsley, Deadly Hemlock

Antonyms: Antidote, Remedy, Cure, Medicine

Example: Socrates was sentenced to death by drinking a preparation made from hemlock.

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19 Francophile (noun)

A person who greatly admires France, its people, culture, or language. (फ्रांस-प्रेमी व्यक्ति)

Synonyms: France-Lover, Francophilist, Francophile Enthusiast, Admirer of France

Antonyms: Francophobe, France-Hater, Anti-French Person, Detractor of France

Example: As a devoted Francophile, she enjoyed French literature, cuisine, and cinema.

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20 Marsupial (noun)

A mammal whose young are typically carried and nursed in a pouch after birth. (धानीधारी स्तनपायी)

Synonyms: Pouched Mammal, Metatherian, Pouch-Bearer, Marsupian

Antonyms: Placental Mammal, Eutherian, Monotreme, Egg-Laying Mammal

Example: The kangaroo is a well-known marsupial native to Australia.

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1 Classify (verb)

To arrange people or things into groups according to shared qualities or characteristics. (वर्गीकृत करना)

Synonyms: Categorize, Group, Sort, Organize

Antonyms: Jumble, Mix, Disorganize, Confuse

Example: Scientists classify organisms according to their shared characteristics.

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