Daily Vocab

1 Cataract (noun)

A large waterfall or a sudden rush of water. (प्रपात / झरना)

Synonyms: Waterfall, Cascade, Rapids, Torrent

Antonyms: Trickle, Dribble, Stillness, Calm

Example: The travelers stopped to admire the powerful cataract flowing down the rocky cliff.

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2 Bauble (noun)

A small, showy, and usually inexpensive ornament or trinket. (सस्ती दिखावटी सजावटी वस्तु)

Synonyms: Trinket, Ornament, Knickknack, Trifle

Antonyms: Treasure, Heirloom, Gem, Valuable

Example: The market was full of colorful baubles hanging from the shop roofs.

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3 Glint (noun/verb)

A small flash or brief shine of light; to shine with a quick small flash. (हल्की चमक / क्षणिक झिलमिलाहट)

Synonyms: Gleam, Sparkle, Flash, Shimmer

Antonyms: Dullness, Dimness, Gloom, Obscurity

Example: A glint of sunlight reflected from the mirror and caught her eye.

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4 Smirk (verb)

Smile in a smug, irritating, or self-satisfied way. (आत्मसंतुष्ट या व्यंग्यपूर्ण ढंग से मुस्कुराना)

Synonyms: Sneer, Simper, Grin, Leer

Antonyms: Frown, Scowl, Glower, Grimace

Example: He began to smirk when he realized he had proved everyone wrong.

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5 Creed (noun)

A system of religious or other beliefs. (आस्था या विश्वासों का सिद्धांत-समूह)

Synonyms: Doctrine, Belief, Ideology, Tenet

Antonyms: Doubt, Disbelief, Skepticism, Unbelief

Example: People of different creeds lived together peacefully in the town.

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6 Shard (noun)

A sharp broken piece of glass, pottery, metal, or any hard material. (टूटा हुआ नुकीला टुकड़ा)

Synonyms: Fragment, Splinter, Sliver, Piece

Antonyms: Whole, Entirety, Totality, Unit

Example: A shard of glass on the floor cut his foot.

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7 Secrete (verb)

Produce and release a substance, especially from a cell or gland. (स्रावित करना)

Synonyms: Exude, Discharge, Emit, Release

Antonyms: Absorb, Retain, Withhold, Suppress

Example: The sweat glands secrete fluid to help cool the body.

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8 Savor (verb)

Enjoy or appreciate something fully, especially by taking time over it. (पूरा आनंद लेना / रस लेकर अनुभव करना)

Synonyms: Relish, Enjoy, Appreciate, Delight in

Antonyms: Dislike, Detest, Ignore, Neglect

Example: She closed her eyes to savor the rich taste of the chocolate.

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9 Porous (adjective)

Having tiny holes or spaces through which air or liquid can pass. (छिद्रयुक्त / रंध्रयुक्त)

Synonyms: Permeable, Spongy, Absorbent, Penetrable

Antonyms: Impermeable, Nonporous, Solid, Dense

Example: A porous sponge quickly absorbs water because it has many tiny holes.

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10 Plasticity (noun)

The quality of being easily shaped, molded, or changed. (लचीलापन / आकार ग्रहण करने की क्षमता)

Synonyms: Flexibility, Malleability, Adaptability, Pliability

Antonyms: Rigidity, Inflexibility, Stiffness, Brittleness

Example: The plasticity of clay allows the artist to shape it into beautiful forms.

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1 Manuscript (noun)

A handwritten or typed document, especially an author's original text before publication. (पांडुलिपि)

Synonyms: Document, Draft, Text, Script

Antonyms: Print, Publication, Copy, Edition

Example: The writer carefully revised his manuscript before sending it to the publisher.

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2 Vaccination (noun)

The process of giving a vaccine to protect a person against a disease. (टीकाकरण)

Synonyms: Immunization, Inoculation, Shot, Jab

Antonyms: Nonvaccination, Susceptibility, Exposure, Infection

Example: Vaccination has helped protect millions of people from dangerous diseases.

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3 Patriarchy (noun)

A social system in which men hold primary power and are dominant in roles of leadership, authority, and control. (पितृसत्तात्मक व्यवस्था)

Synonyms: Androcracy, Male dominance, Male supremacy, Patriarchate

Antonyms: Matriarchy, Equality, Egalitarianism, Parity

Example: Many social reformers have challenged patriarchy and worked for equal rights for women.

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4 Cathedral (noun)

The principal church of a bishop, usually a large and important church building. (प्रधान गिरजाघर)

Synonyms: Church, Basilica, Minster, Abbey

Antonyms: Hut, Shack, Cabin, Cottage

Example: Tourists gathered outside the old cathedral to admire its tall towers and stained-glass windows.

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5 Panorama (noun)

A wide, unbroken view of a large area in all directions. (विस्तृत दृश्य)

Synonyms: Vista, Landscape, View, Spectacle

Antonyms: Close-up, Detail, Narrowness, Limitation

Example: From the top of the hill, we enjoyed a beautiful panorama of the entire city.

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6 Pulsate (verb)

Expand and contract with strong regular beats or vibrations. (धड़कना)

Synonyms: Throb, Beat, Vibrate, Quiver

Antonyms: Stagnate, Rest, Still, Freeze

Example: His injured finger began to pulsate with pain after the game.

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7 Persecute (verb)

Subject someone to hostility and ill-treatment, especially because of their race, religion, or political beliefs. (प्रताड़ित करना)

Synonyms: Harass, Oppress, Torment, Victimize

Antonyms: Protect, Defend, Support, Aid

Example: Many innocent people were persecuted for speaking against the unjust rule.

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8 Oppress (verb)

Keep in hardship or under control by using cruel or unfair authority. (उत्पीड़न करना)

Synonyms: Suppress, Subjugate, Persecute, Tyrannize

Antonyms: Liberate, Free, Relieve, Uplift

Example: A cruel ruler may oppress innocent people for his own power.

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9 Ambassador (noun)

An official representative sent by one country to another country. (राजदूत)

Synonyms: Diplomat, Envoy, Emissary, Representative

Antonyms: Adversary, Opponent, Enemy, Detractor

Example: The ambassador met the foreign minister to discuss trade relations between the two countries.

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10 Avalanche (noun)

A large mass of snow, ice, and rocks falling rapidly down a mountainside. (हिमस्खलन)

Synonyms: Landslide, Snowslide, Cascade, Deluge

Antonyms: Stability, Stillness, Calm, Balance

Example: The climbers were forced to stop when an avalanche rushed down the mountain.

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11 Manipulate (verb)

To manipulate or influence to one's own advantage. (प्रभावित करना / चालाकी से नियंत्रित करना)

Synonyms: Influence, Control, Exploit, Maneuver

Antonyms: Liberate, Release, Relinquish, Surrender

Example: He tried to manipulate the situation to gain personal advantage.

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12 Linguistic (adjective)

Relating to language or the scientific study of language. (भाषाई / भाषा संबंधी)

Synonyms: Verbal, Philological, Lingual, Language-related

Antonyms: Nonverbal, Wordless, Unspoken, Extralinguistic

Example: She has strong linguistic skills and can learn new languages quickly.

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13 Juvenile (adjective)

Young; relating to a child or young person. (किशोर / बालसुलभ)

Synonyms: Young, Youthful, Adolescent, Immature

Antonyms: Adult, Mature, Elderly, Aged

Example: The court deals specially with juvenile offenders.

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14 Glossary (noun)

A list of difficult or special words with their meanings, usually found at the end of a book. (शब्दावली / कठिन शब्दों की सूची)

Synonyms: Wordlist, Vocabulary list, Lexicon, Terminology list

Antonyms: Ambiguity, Confusion, Obscurity, Vagueness

Example: I checked the glossary at the back of the textbook to understand the scientific terms.

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15 Genealogy (noun)

The study or record of family ancestry and lineage. (वंशावली / कुल-वृत्तांत)

Synonyms: Ancestry, Lineage, Descent, Pedigree

Antonyms: Rootlessness, Disconnection, Unrelatedness, Anonymity

Example: She used old documents and photographs to trace her family’s genealogy.

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16 Gavel (noun)

A small hammer used by a judge, auctioneer, or chairperson to call for attention or show that a decision has been made. (न्यायाधीश या सभापति द्वारा उपयोग किया जाने वाला छोटा हथौड़ा)

Synonyms: Mallet, Hammer, Auction hammer, Judge’s hammer

Antonyms: Chaos, Disorder, Uproar, Lawlessness

Example: The judge struck the gavel to bring silence to the courtroom.

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17 Gastronomy (noun)

The art or practice of preparing, cooking, and enjoying good food. (पाककला और स्वादिष्ट भोजन का ज्ञान)

Synonyms: Cookery, Cuisine, Culinary art, Food culture

Antonyms: Fasting, Abstinence, Starvation, Malnutrition

Example: The city is famous for its gastronomy and rich culinary traditions.

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18 Foliage (noun)

Plant leaves collectively, especially when forming a mass or covering. (पत्तों का समूह / पर्णसमूह)

Synonyms: Leaves, Greenery, Herbage, Vegetation

Antonyms: Bareness, Barren land, Sparseness, Defoliation

Example: The dense foliage of the trees provided cool shade in the afternoon.

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19 Figurative (adjective)

Using words in a non-loutine, symbolic, or metaphorical sense rather than their literal meaning. (रूपकात्मक / लाक्षणिक)

Synonyms: Symbolic, Metaphorical, Allegorical, Nonliteral

Antonyms: Literal, Actual, Realistic, Direct

Example: The phrase time is a thief is a figurative expression.

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20 Existential (adjective)

Relating to existence, especially human life, meaning, and purpose. (अस्तित्व संबंधी)

Synonyms: Ontological, Metaphysical, Philosophical, Real

Antonyms: Imaginary, Fictional, Unreal, Illusory

Example: The novel raises existential questions about life, death, and human purpose.

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1 Latitude (noun)

Freedom to act within certain limits; also the angular distance of a place north or south of the equator. (स्वतंत्रता की गुंजाइश / अक्षांश)

Synonyms: Freedom, Liberty, Scope, Leeway

Antonyms: Restriction, Limitation, Constraint, Control

Example: The principal gave the students enough latitude to choose their own project topics.

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2 Solitude (noun)

The state of being alone, especially when it is peaceful and pleasant. (एकांत)

Synonyms: Seclusion, Isolation, Privacy, Loneliness

Antonyms: Company, Companionship, Sociability, Togetherness

Example: She enjoyed the solitude of the early morning while reading in the garden.

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3 Exterminate (verb)

Destroy completely, especially harmful insects, animals, or unwanted groups. (पूर्ण रूप से नष्ट करना)

Synonyms: Eradicate, Eliminate, Annihilate, Wipe out

Antonyms: Preserve, Protect, Save, Maintain

Example: The farmers used safe methods to exterminate the pests damaging their crops.

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4 Condense (verb)

Make something shorter, denser, or more compact; reduce it without losing the main meaning. (संक्षिप्त या सघन करना)

Synonyms: Compress, Shorten, Summarize, Compact

Antonyms: Expand, Elaborate, Lengthen, Extend

Example: She tried to condense the long report into a one-page summary.

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5 Crystallize (verb)

Make something definite, clear, or fixed in form; also to form crystals. (स्पष्ट और ठोस रूप देना / स्फटिक बनना)

Synonyms: Clarify, Solidify, Define, Formulate

Antonyms: Confuse, Blur, Obscure, Dissolve

Example: The long discussion helped crystallize her ideas into a practical plan.

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6 Demystify (verb)

Make something easier to understand by removing mystery or confusion about it. (रहस्य या भ्रम दूर करके स्पष्ट करना)

Synonyms: Clarify, Explain, Simplify, Elucidate

Antonyms: Confuse, Obscure, Complicate, Mystify

Example: The teacher used simple examples to demystify the concept of artificial intelligence.

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7 Outsource (verb)

Obtain goods or services from an outside supplier instead of doing the work internally. (बाहरी स्रोत से कार्य करवाना)

Synonyms: Contract out, Subcontract, Delegate, Commission

Antonyms: Insource, Internalize, Retain, Keep in-house

Example: The company decided to outsource its customer support to reduce costs.

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8 Underestimate (verb)

Estimate something to be smaller, less important, or less serious than it really is. (कम आंकना)

Synonyms: Undervalue, Underrate, Misjudge, Belittle

Antonyms: Overestimate, Overrate, Exaggerate, Magnify

Example: Do not underestimate her ability to solve difficult problems.

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9 Micromanage (verb)

Control or manage every small detail of something in an excessive or unnecessary way. (हर छोटी बात पर अत्यधिक नियंत्रण करना)

Synonyms: Oversee, Interfere, Nitpick, Overcontrol

Antonyms: Delegate, Empower, Trust, Loosen

Example: The manager tried to micromanage the team, which reduced their confidence and productivity.

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10 Disillusion (noun/verb)

A feeling of disappointment resulting from the discovery that something is not as good as one believed, or to free someone from a false belief. (मोहभंग / भ्रम दूर करना)

Synonyms: Disenchantment, Disappointment, Awakening, Reality-check

Antonyms: Hope, Faith, Trust, Belief

Example: The corruption scandal caused complete disillusion among the young voters.

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11 Essential (adjective)

Absolutely necessary; extremely important. (आवश्यक / अनिवार्य)

Synonyms: Necessary, Vital, Crucial, Indispensable

Antonyms: Unnecessary, Optional, Minor, Inessential

Example: Clean drinking water is essential for a healthy life.

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12 Significant (adjective)

Important enough to deserve attention; having a noticeable or meaningful effect. (महत्त्वपूर्ण / उल्लेखनीय)

Synonyms: Important, Notable, Meaningful, Considerable

Antonyms: Insignificant, Trivial, Minor, Unimportant

Example: The new scheme brought a significant improvement in irrigation facilities.

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13 Fundamental (adjective)

Forming the base or core of something; very important and necessary. (मौलिक / मूलभूत)

Synonyms: Basic, Essential, Primary, Core

Antonyms: Minor, Secondary, Trivial, Unimportant

Example: Understanding the Constitution is fundamental for students of polity.

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14 Instinctive (adjective)

Arising from natural instinct rather than conscious thought. (सहज प्रवृत्ति से उत्पन्न / स्वाभाविक)

Synonyms: Innate, Intuitive, Natural, Inborn

Antonyms: Learned, Deliberate, Acquired, Calculated

Example: Her instinctive reaction was to pull her hand away from the hot surface.

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15 Negotiate (verb)

Try to reach an agreement or compromise through discussion. (वार्ता करना / समझौता करना)

Synonyms: Bargain, Discuss, Settle, Consult

Antonyms: Disagree, Refuse, Reject, Quarrel

Example: The two companies are trying to negotiate a fair deal for the new project.

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16 Incorporate (verb)

Include or combine something as part of a whole; to form into a unified body. (समाहित करना / शामिल करना)

Synonyms: Include, Integrate, Combine, Merge

Antonyms: Exclude, Separate, Detach, Omit

Example: The report will incorporate the latest suggestions from the committee.

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17 Persuade (verb)

Cause someone to do something through reasoning or argument. (राज़ी करना)

Synonyms: Convince, Influence, Urge, Induce

Antonyms: Dissuade, Discourage, Deter, Prevent

Example: She tried to persuade her friend to apply for the scholarship.

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18 Accelerate (verb)

Increase the speed of something; make it happen faster. (तेज़ करना)

Synonyms: Speed up, Hasten, Expedite, Quicken

Antonyms: Decelerate, Slow, Delay, Hinder

Example: The new policy will help accelerate industrial growth in the state.

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19 Accommodate (verb)

Provide space or room for; adjust or adapt to suit someone or something. (समायोजित करना / स्थान देना)

Synonyms: Adjust, Adapt, Fit, Lodge

Antonyms: Refuse, Reject, Exclude, Displace

Example: The hotel can accommodate up to two hundred guests at a time.

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20 Anticipate (verb)

Expect or predict that something will happen. (पूर्वानुमान करना)

Synonyms: Expect, Foresee, Predict, Envision

Antonyms: Ignore, Overlook, Doubt, Misjudge

Example: We anticipated heavy traffic, so we left home early.

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1 Solstice (noun)

Either of the two times in the year when the sun reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky at noon, marking the longest or shortest day. (अयनांत)

Synonyms: Sunstand, Solar turning point, Seasonal turning point, Astronomical turning point

Antonyms: Equinox, Vernal equinox, Autumnal equinox, Day-night balance

Example: The winter solstice marks the shortest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.

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2 Treason (noun)

The crime of betraying one’s country, especially by trying to kill its ruler or overthrow its government. (देशद्रोह)

Synonyms: Betrayal, Treachery, Perfidy, Disloyalty

Antonyms: Loyalty, Allegiance, Fidelity, Patriotism

Example: The soldier was accused of treason for secretly helping the enemy nation.

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3 Genocide (noun)

The deliberate and systematic killing of a large group of people, especially those belonging to a particular ethnic, racial, religious, or national group. (किसी विशेष जातीय, नस्ली, धार्मिक या राष्ट्रीय समूह के लोगों का योजनाबद्ध सामूहिक संहार)

Synonyms: Massacre, Extermination, Slaughter, Annihilation

Antonyms: Protection, Preservation, Safeguarding, Humanitarianism

Example: The world leaders strongly condemned the genocide and called for immediate action to protect innocent lives.

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4 Cynophobia (noun)

An extreme or irrational fear of dogs. (कुत्तों का तीव्र या अव्यावहारिक भय)

Synonyms: Dog phobia, Fear of dogs, Canine fear, Animal phobia

Antonyms: Courage, Calmness, Confidence, Fearlessness

Example: Because of her cynophobia, she crossed the street whenever she saw a dog.

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5 Mortuary (noun)

A place where dead bodies are kept before burial, cremation, or examination. (शवगृह)

Synonyms: Morgue, Dead house, Charnel house, Mortuary room

Antonyms: Nursery, Maternity ward, Birth center, Living quarters

Example: The unidentified body was taken to the mortuary for examination.

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6 Misogamist (noun)

A person who hates, dislikes, or avoids marriage. (विवाह से घृणा करने वाला व्यक्ति)

Synonyms: Marriage-hater, Anti-marriage person, Marriage skeptic, Celibatarian

Antonyms: Matchmaker, Spouse, Newlywed, Marriage supporter

Example: Being a misogamist, he always argued that marriage was a burden rather than a blessing.

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7 Parole (noun)

The conditional release of a prisoner before the full sentence is completed, based on a promise of good behavior. (सदाचार के वचन पर कैदी की सशर्त रिहाई)

Synonyms: Conditional release, Supervised release, Provisional release, Freedom

Antonyms: Imprisonment, Incarceration, Confinement, Detention

Example: The prisoner was granted parole after showing good behavior in jail.

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8 Alibi (noun)

A claim or proof that a person was somewhere else when a crime or event happened. (अनुपस्थिति का प्रमाण)

Synonyms: Excuse, Defense, Justification, Exoneration

Antonyms: Accusation, Incrimination, Indictment, Proof of guilt

Example: He gave an alibi to show that he was at home during the robbery.

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9 Matricide (noun)

The act of killing one’s mother. (मातृहत्या)

Synonyms: Mother-killing, Murder, Homicide, Slaying

Antonyms: Protection, Care, Filial devotion, Respect

Example: The king was horrified by the tale of matricide in the royal family.

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10 Elocution (noun)

The skill of clear and expressive speech, especially in public speaking. (स्पष्ट और प्रभावशाली वाणी की कला)

Synonyms: Oratory, Diction, Articulation, Eloquence

Antonyms: Inarticulateness, Mumbling, Stammering, Incoherence

Example: Her excellent elocution impressed everyone during the debate competition.

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11 Venerability (noun)

The quality of being respected and honored, especially because of age, wisdom, or noble character. (आदरयोग्यता / श्रद्धेयता)

Synonyms: Respectability, Reverence, Esteem, Dignity

Antonyms: Disrespect, Contempt, Dishonor, Irreverence

Example: The judge was known for his venerability and deep sense of justice.

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12 Sycophancy (noun)

Excessive flattery or praise used to gain favor from someone important or powerful. (चापलूसी)

Synonyms: Flattery, Fawning, Servility, Adulation

Antonyms: Frankness, Sincerity, Honesty, Independence

Example: His sycophancy toward the manager was obvious because he praised every decision without question.

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13 Rescind (verb)

Officially cancel, revoke, or repeal something such as a law, contract, or decision. (रद्द करना / निरस्त करना)

Synonyms: Revoke, Repeal, Cancel, Annul

Antonyms: Approve, Enact, Confirm, Establish

Example: The company decided to rescind the job offer after finding false information in the application.

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14 Punctilious (adjective)

Showing great attention to detail or correct behavior; very careful and exact in following rules or proper form. (अत्यंत सावधानीपूर्वक और नियमों का कठोरता से पालन करने वाला)

Synonyms: Meticulous, Scrupulous, Precise, Conscientious

Antonyms: Careless, Negligent, Sloppy, Casual

Example: He was punctilious about office etiquette and always followed every rule perfectly.

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15 Obviating (verb)

Removing a need or difficulty; preventing something from being necessary. (आवश्यकता को समाप्त करना / टाल देना)

Synonyms: Avoiding, Preventing, Precluding, Averting

Antonyms: Causing, Requiring, Creating, Necessitating

Example: The new software is obviating the need for manual data entry.

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16 Malleability (noun)

The quality of being easily shaped, bent, or changed, either physically or mentally. (आसानी से ढलने, मुड़ने या परिवर्तित होने की क्षमता)

Synonyms: Flexibility, Plasticity, Adaptability, Pliability

Antonyms: Rigidity, Inflexibility, Stiffness, Hardness

Example: The malleability of gold makes it useful for making fine jewelry and delicate designs.

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17 Indubitably (adverb)

In a way that leaves no doubt; undoubtedly. (निःसंदेह)

Synonyms: Undoubtedly, Certainly, Definitely, Unquestionably

Antonyms: Doubtfully, Dubiously, Uncertainly, Questionably

Example: She is indubitably one of the most talented students in the class.

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18 Fastidiousness (noun)

Excessive attention to detail; the quality of being very careful, precise, and hard to please. (अत्यधिक सावधानी और बारीकी पर ध्यान देने की प्रवृत्ति)

Synonyms: Meticulousness, Exactness, Precision, Scrupulousness

Antonyms: Carelessness, Negligence, Sloppiness, Indifference

Example: Her fastidiousness in checking every document twice made the report almost error-free.

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19 Equanimous (adjective)

Remaining calm, balanced, and composed, especially in difficult situations. (समचित्त, शांतचित्त)

Synonyms: Calm, Composed, Placid, Unruffled

Antonyms: Agitated, Anxious, Disturbed, Upset

Example: Even during the heated debate, she remained equanimous and answered every question with patience.

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20 Candidacy (noun)

The position or state of being a candidate for an election, job, or honor. (उम्मीदवारी)

Synonyms: Nomination, Contention, Application, Eligibility

Antonyms: Withdrawal, Disqualification, Rejection, Ineligibility

Example: Her candidacy for the student council president gained strong support from her classmates.

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1 Monarchy (noun)

A form of government in which a king, queen, or emperor rules a country. (राजतंत्र)

Synonyms: Kingship, Royal rule, Sovereignty, Crown rule

Antonyms: Democracy, Republic, Anarchy, Oligarchy

Example: For centuries, the country was governed under a monarchy led by a powerful king.

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2 Infanticide (noun)

The crime of killing a very young child or infant. (शिशुहत्या)

Synonyms: Baby-killing, Child murder, Neonaticide, Filicide

Antonyms: Child protection, Childcare, Nurturing, Safeguarding

Example: The law treats infanticide as a very serious criminal offense.

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3 Arachnophobia (noun)

Extreme fear of spiders. (मकड़ियों का तीव्र भय)

Synonyms: Spider phobia, Fear of spiders, Arachnid fear, Irrational fear of spiders

Antonyms: Fearlessness, Courage, Calmness, Composure

Example: Her arachnophobia was so strong that she screamed on seeing a tiny spider in the room.

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4 Meteorology (noun)

The scientific study of the atmosphere, weather, and weather conditions. (मौसम विज्ञान)

Synonyms: Weather science, Atmospheric science, Weather study, Climate science

Antonyms: Weather ignorance, Forecast neglect, Atmospheric unawareness, Meteorological illiteracy

Example: She studied meteorology to understand how storms and rainfall are predicted.

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5 Octogenarian (noun)

A person who is between 80 and 89 years old. (अस्सी से नवासी वर्ष की आयु का व्यक्ति)

Synonyms: Eighty-year-old, Senior citizen, Elder, Aged person

Antonyms: Child, Youth, Adolescent, Youngster

Example: The octogenarian still walks every morning and lives an active life.

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6 Reservoir (noun)

A large natural or artificial lake used for storing water. (जलाशय)

Synonyms: Tank, Basin, Storage lake, Cistern

Antonyms: Drain, Outlet, Depletion, Exhaustion

Example: The city gets most of its drinking water from the nearby reservoir.

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7 Orphanage (noun)

A home or institution where children without parents are cared for. (अनाथालय)

Synonyms: Children's home, Shelter home, Foundling home, Care home

Antonyms: Family home, Parental home, Foster home, Household

Example: The orphanage provided food, education, and shelter to many children.

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8 Infirmary (noun)

A room or building in a school, hospital, prison, or other institution where sick or injured people are cared for. (रोगशाला)

Synonyms: Sickroom, Clinic, Dispensary, Hospital ward

Antonyms: Gymnasium, Fitness center, Wellness center, Recreation room

Example: The injured student was taken to the school infirmary for first aid.

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9 Hangar (noun)

A large building used for housing aircraft. (विमानशाला)

Synonyms: Aircraft shed, Airplane shelter, Aviation warehouse, Plane depot

Antonyms: Runway, Tarmac, Open airfield, Apron

Example: The helicopter was kept safely inside the hangar during the storm.

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10 Crematorium (noun)

A place where dead bodies are burned. (श्मशान गृह)

Synonyms: Funeral home, Crematory, Burning ground, Incineratory

Antonyms: Cemetery, Graveyard, Burial ground, Mausoleum

Example: The family gathered quietly at the crematorium for the final rites.

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11 Acoustics (noun)

The science of sound, or the way sound behaves in a room, hall, or building. (ध्वनिविज्ञान; किसी स्थान में ध्वनि के व्यवहार का अध्ययन)

Synonyms: Sound science, Sonics, Audio science, Sound properties

Antonyms: Silence, Soundlessness, Quietness, Muteness

Example: The acoustics of the auditorium were so good that even a soft voice could be heard clearly.

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12 Almanac (noun)

A yearly book that contains important dates, facts, calendars, weather information, and other useful data. (पंचांग या वार्षिक तथ्य-संग्रह)

Synonyms: Yearbook, Annual, Calendar, Handbook

Antonyms: Novel, Storybook, Fiction, Tale

Example: He checked the almanac to find the dates of the full moon and important festivals.

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13 Parricide (noun)

The act of killing one’s father, mother, or another close relative. (माता, पिता या किसी निकट संबंधी की हत्या)

Synonyms: Patricide, Matricide, Kin-slaying, Familial murder

Antonyms: Protection, Care, Nurture, Filial devotion

Example: The ancient story was centered around a shocking act of parricide within the royal family.

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14 Mobocracy (noun)

Rule or domination by a mob; control of society or government by an unruly crowd. (भीड़ द्वारा शासन या नियंत्रण)

Synonyms: Ochlocracy, Mob rule, Rabble rule, Crowd rule

Antonyms: Democracy, Constitutional government, Rule of law, Order

Example: During the violent unrest, the city seemed to fall into mobocracy.

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15 Decamp (verb)

To leave a place suddenly, secretly, or unexpectedly; also, to break camp and go away. (अचानक, चुपचाप, या बिना बताए किसी स्थान से चले जाना)

Synonyms: Abscond, Flee, Escape, Make off

Antonyms: Stay, Remain, Arrive, Settle

Example: The thieves decided to decamp before the police reached the area.

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16 Manumission (noun)

The act of freeing a person from slavery or servitude. (दासता या बंधन से मुक्त करना)

Synonyms: Emancipation, Liberation, Release, Freedom

Antonyms: Enslavement, Bondage, Captivity, Subjugation

Example: The manumission of enslaved people marked an important step toward justice and human dignity.

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17 Insomnia (noun)

Habitual inability to sleep or difficulty in sleeping. (अनिद्रा)

Synonyms: Sleeplessness, Wakefulness, Restlessness, Sleep deprivation

Antonyms: Sound sleep, Restful sleep, Slumber, Sleep

Example: Due to stress and anxiety, he suffered from insomnia for several weeks.

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18 Ambivert (noun)

A person who has both introvert and extrovert qualities and behaves according to the situation. (अंतर्मुखी और बहिर्मुखी दोनों गुणों वाला व्यक्ति)

Synonyms: Balanced person, Adaptable person, Versatile person, Middle-ground personality

Antonyms: Introvert, Extrovert, Recluse, Social butterfly

Example: Rahul is an ambivert, so he enjoys meeting people but also likes spending time alone.

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19 Introvert (noun)

A shy and quiet person who enjoys spending time alone rather than being with many people. (अंतर्मुखी व्यक्ति)

Synonyms: Reserved person, Solitary person, Reticent person, Withdrawn person

Antonyms: Extrovert, Outgoing person, Sociable person, Gregarious person

Example: As an introvert, she preferred reading books at home instead of going to large parties.

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20 Monogamy (noun)

The practice or state of having only one spouse or partner at a time. (एक समय में केवल एक जीवनसाथी या साथी रखने की प्रथा)

Synonyms: Single marriage, Exclusive partnership, One-partner marriage, Faithfulness

Antonyms: Polygamy, Polyandry, Polygyny, Promiscuity

Example: Monogamy is followed in many societies as the standard form of marriage.

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1 Interchangeable (adjective)

Able to be exchanged or used in place of each other without making any important difference. (परस्पर विनिमेय / एक-दूसरे के स्थान पर प्रयोज्य)

Synonyms: Replaceable, Exchangeable, Equivalent, Substitutable

Antonyms: Fixed, Unique, Distinct, Incompatible

Example: In this machine, the two parts are interchangeable and can be used in either position.

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2 Instrumental (adjective)

Important or helpful in making something happen. (महत्वपूर्ण / सहायक)

Synonyms: Crucial, Essential, Helpful, Important

Antonyms: Unhelpful, Insignificant, Useless, Irrelevant

Example: Her guidance was instrumental in helping the team complete the project on time.

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3 Irreversible (adjective)

Not able to be changed, reversed, or brought back to the original state. (अपरिवर्तनीय / जिसे वापस न बदला जा सके)

Synonyms: Permanent, Unchangeable, Final, Irrevocable

Antonyms: Reversible, Changeable, Temporary, Adjustable

Example: The damage caused to the environment by the chemical spill was irreversible.

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4 Uncompromising (adjective)

Not willing to change, reduce, or give up your opinions or demands; very firm and strict. (अड़ियल / अटल / समझौता न करने वाला)

Synonyms: Inflexible, Firm, Rigid, Adamant

Antonyms: Flexible, Lenient, Yielding, Accommodating

Example: The principal was uncompromising when it came to discipline in the school.

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5 Devastating (adjective)

Causing great destruction, damage, or shock. (विनाशकारी / तबाह कर देने वाला)

Synonyms: Destructive, Ruinous, Catastrophic, Shattering

Antonyms: Helpful, Beneficial, Constructive, Healing

Example: The cyclone had a devastating effect on the coastal villages.

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6 Unparalleled (adjective)

Having no equal; better or greater than anything else of the same kind. (अतुलनीय / बेजोड़)

Synonyms: Incomparable, Matchless, Unequaled, Exceptional

Antonyms: Comparable, Equal, Ordinary, Mediocre

Example: Her dedication to her work was unparalleled and inspired everyone around her.

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7 Advantageous (adjective)

Creating favorable circumstances or giving a benefit. (लाभदायक / अनुकूल)

Synonyms: Beneficial, Favorable, Profitable, Useful

Antonyms: Harmful, Unfavorable, Disadvantageous, Detrimental

Example: Learning computer skills at an early age is highly advantageous for future career growth.

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8 Injurious (adjective)

Causing harm, damage, or injury. (हानिकारक)

Synonyms: Harmful, Damaging, Detrimental, Hurtful

Antonyms: Beneficial, Helpful, Harmless, Protective

Example: Smoking is injurious to health and can cause serious diseases.

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9 Confidential (adjective)

Intended to be kept secret or private. (गोपनीय)

Synonyms: Secret, Private, Classified, Restricted

Antonyms: Public, Open, Known, Unrestricted

Example: The manager asked everyone not to share the confidential report with outsiders.

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10 Indestructible (adjective)

Impossible to destroy or break. (अविनाशी / अटूट)

Synonyms: Unbreakable, Durable, Imperishable, Invulnerable

Antonyms: Breakable, Fragile, Destructible, Perishable

Example: The material used in the bridge was so strong that it seemed almost indestructible.

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11 Fiendish (adjective)

Extremely cruel, wicked, or unpleasant. (क्रूर / दुष्ट / पाशविक)

Synonyms: Devilish, Wicked, Vicious, Cruel

Antonyms: Kind, Gentle, Humane, Benevolent

Example: The villain made a fiendish plan to trouble everyone in the village.

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12 Merciless (adjective)

Showing no mercy; cruel and without compassion. (निर्दयी / दयाहीन)

Synonyms: Cruel, Ruthless, Pitiless, Heartless

Antonyms: Merciful, Compassionate, Kind, Sympathetic

Example: The merciless ruler punished even small mistakes very harshly.

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13 Flawless (adjective)

Without any mistakes, defects, or faults; perfect. (निर्दोष / त्रुटिरहित)

Synonyms: Perfect, Impeccable, Faultless, Spotless

Antonyms: Flawed, Imperfect, Defective, Faulty

Example: She gave a flawless performance in the final round of the competition.

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14 Traitorous (adjective)

Guilty of betraying one’s country, group, or trust; treacherous. (देशद्रोही / विश्वासघाती)

Synonyms: Treacherous, Disloyal, Betraying, Faithless

Antonyms: Loyal, Faithful, Devoted, Trustworthy

Example: His traitorous actions harmed the entire team and destroyed their trust in him.

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15 Compassionate (adjective)

Feeling or showing sympathy and concern for others who are suffering or in need. (दयालु / सहानुभूतिपूर्ण)

Synonyms: Kind, Merciful, Sympathetic, Caring

Antonyms: Cruel, Heartless, Unkind, Unsympathetic

Example: The compassionate doctor treated every patient with great care and understanding.

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16 Patrician (adjective)

Belonging to or characteristic of the aristocracy; noble and high-class. (कुलीन / अभिजात वर्ग का)

Synonyms: Aristocratic, Noble, Elite, Upper-class

Antonyms: Plebeian, Common, Ordinary, Lowborn

Example: Her patrician manners and refined speech showed her aristocratic background.

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17 Underhanded (adjective)

Acting in a secret, dishonest, or unfair way. (कपटी / गुप्त रूप से बेईमान)

Synonyms: Dishonest, Deceitful, Sneaky, Secretive

Antonyms: Honest, Straightforward, Open, Fair

Example: He used an underhanded method to win the competition.

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18 Humdrum (adjective)

Dull, ordinary, and lacking excitement or variety. (नीरस / एकरस)

Synonyms: Monotonous, Dull, Boring, Tedious

Antonyms: Exciting, Interesting, Lively, Stimulating

Example: His daily routine had become so humdrum that he wanted a change in life.

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19 Combative (adjective)

Ready or eager to fight or argue. (झगड़ालू / लड़ाकू)

Synonyms: Aggressive, Belligerent, Quarrelsome, Hostile

Antonyms: Peaceful, Gentle, Friendly, Calm

Example: He became combative during the debate and argued with everyone.

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20 Deceptive (adjective)

Giving an appearance or impression different from the true one; misleading. (भ्रामक / छलपूर्ण)

Synonyms: Misleading, Fraudulent, Dishonest, Delusive

Antonyms: Honest, Truthful, Genuine, Frank

Example: The advertisement was deceptive and made false promises to the customers.

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1 Finicky (adjective)

Excessively particular or hard to please. (नखरीला)

Synonyms: Fussy, Picky, Fastidious, Perfectionist

Antonyms: Easygoing, Flexible, Unfussy, Indifferent

Example: She is very finicky about the way her desk is arranged.

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2 Titanic (adjective)

Of exceptional strength, size, or power; gigantic. (विशालकाय)

Synonyms: Gigantic, Massive, Colossal, Enormous

Antonyms: Tiny, Small, Miniature, Insignificant

Example: They made a titanic effort to complete the project before the deadline.

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3 Ghastly (adjective)

Causing great horror or fear; very unpleasant or shocking. (भयानक)

Synonyms: Horrible, Terrible, Dreadful, Frightful

Antonyms: Pleasant, Delightful, Attractive, Wonderful

Example: The travelers were shocked by the ghastly scene of the accident.

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4 Kudos (noun)

Praise and honor received for an achievement. (प्रशंसा)

Synonyms: Praise, Acclaim, Credit, Recognition

Antonyms: Criticism, Blame, Disapproval, Condemnation

Example: She received kudos from her teacher for scoring the highest marks in the class.

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5 Sapient (adjective)

Wise, or attempting to appear wise. (बुद्धिमान)

Synonyms: Wise, Judicious, Sage, Prudent

Antonyms: Foolish, Ignorant, Senseless, Unwise

Example: The old teacher was known for his sapient advice in difficult situations.

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6 Rapturous (adjective)

Feeling or showing great happiness, delight, or enthusiasm. (अत्यन्त प्रसन्न)

Synonyms: Ecstatic, Elated, Jubilant, Overjoyed

Antonyms: Miserable, Gloomy, Depressed, Unenthusiastic

Example: The audience gave the singer a rapturous welcome after the performance.

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7 Maraud (verb)

Roam in search of things to steal or people to attack. (लूटपाट करना)

Synonyms: Plunder, Pillage, Raid, Loot

Antonyms: Protect, Guard, Defend, Preserve

Example: The bandits used to maraud through the villages at night.

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8 Swindle (verb)

Use deception to deprive someone of money or possessions. (ठगी करना)

Synonyms: Cheat, Defraud, Dupe, Deceive

Antonyms: Compensate, Repay, Reimburse, Reward

Example: The fraudster tried to swindle old people out of their savings.

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9 Wrangle (verb)

Argue angrily or noisily over something. (झगड़ना)

Synonyms: Quarrel, Squabble, Bicker, Dispute

Antonyms: Agree, Conciliate, Harmonize, Cooperate

Example: The workers began to wrangle over the new rules in the office.

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10 Bicker (verb)

Argue about petty and trivial matters. (तुच्छ बातों पर झगड़ना)

Synonyms: Quarrel, Squabble, Wrangle, Brawl

Antonyms: Agree, Harmonize, Cooperate, Conciliate

Example: The two brothers continued to bicker over small things all day.

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1 Entrepreneur (noun)

A person who starts and manages a business, especially by taking financial risks in the hope of profit. (उद्यमी)

Synonyms: Businessperson, Industrialist, Founder, Innovator

Antonyms: Employee, Worker, Follower, Dependent

Example: The young entrepreneur launched a successful startup with a unique idea.

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2 Biodegradable (adjective)

Capable of being decomposed naturally by bacteria or other living organisms. (जैव निम्नीकरणीय)

Synonyms: Decomposable, Perishable, Compostable, Organic

Antonyms: Non-biodegradable, Indestructible, Persistent, Synthetic

Example: Paper bags are more biodegradable than plastic bags.

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3 Symmetry (noun)

The quality of having the same shape, size, and balance on both sides or around a centre. (सममिति)

Synonyms: Balance, Proportion, Harmony, Evenness

Antonyms: Asymmetry, Imbalance, Irregularity, Disproportion

Example: The butterfly’s wings showed perfect symmetry.

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4 Stratosphere (noun)

The layer of the earth’s atmosphere above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. (समताप मंडल)

Synonyms: Atmosphere layer, Upper atmosphere, Ozone layer region, Air envelope

Antonyms: Troposphere, Ground level, Surface, Land

Example: Most commercial airplanes fly in the lower stratosphere to avoid weather disturbances.

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5 Apocalypse (noun)

A complete and final destruction of the world, or a very great disaster. (प्रलय)

Synonyms: Catastrophe, Doomsday, Devastation, Armageddon

Antonyms: Creation, Beginning, Salvation, Reconstruction

Example: The movie showed an apocalypse in which cities were destroyed and people struggled to survive.

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6 Pandemic (noun)

A disease that spreads over a whole country or the world. (महामारी)

Synonyms: Outbreak, Epidemic, Plague, Contagion

Antonyms: Health, Wellness, Recovery, Containment

Example: The pandemic affected schools, businesses, and travel across the world.

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7 Malnutrition (noun)

Lack of proper nutrition caused by not having enough food or not eating enough healthy food. (कुपोषण)

Synonyms: Undernourishment, Starvation, Deficiency, Poor nutrition

Antonyms: Nourishment, Health, Nutrition, Well-being

Example: Many children in remote areas suffer from malnutrition due to poverty and lack of balanced food.

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8 Supremacy (noun)

The state or condition of being superior to all others in authority, power, or status. (सर्वोच्चता)

Synonyms: Dominance, Authority, Superiority, Sovereignty

Antonyms: Inferiority, Weakness, Subordination, Submission

Example: The empire fought hard to maintain its supremacy over the region.

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9 Touchstone (noun)

A standard or criterion by which something is judged or recognized. (कसौटी)

Synonyms: Benchmark, Criterion, Standard, Yardstick

Antonyms: Deviation, Aberration, Irrelevance, Uncertainty

Example: Honesty is often considered a touchstone of strong leadership.

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10 Bonhomie (noun)

Cheerful friendliness and easy goodwill. (सौहार्द्रता)

Synonyms: Friendliness, Cordiality, Geniality, Warmth

Antonyms: Hostility, Coldness, Unfriendliness, Aloofness

Example: His natural bonhomie made everyone in the room feel comfortable.

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11 Landmark (noun)

An important event, discovery, or place that marks a stage or turning point. (ऐतिहासिक मील का पत्थर / प्रमुख स्थल)

Synonyms: Milestone, Turning point, Breakthrough, Marker

Antonyms: Setback, Obscurity, Triviality, Ordinary point

Example: The new law became a landmark in the history of social reform.

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12 Picturesque (adjective)

Visually attractive, especially in a charming or pretty way like a picture. (चित्रोपम / मनोहर)

Synonyms: Scenic, Charming, Beautiful, Attractive

Antonyms: Ugly, Unattractive, Plain, Dull

Example: The village looked picturesque with its green fields and small cottages.

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13 Replicate (verb)

Make an exact copy of; reproduce. (प्रतिलिपि बनाना)

Synonyms: Reproduce, Duplicate, Copy, Imitate

Antonyms: Originate, Create, Invent, Vary

Example: Scientists were able to replicate the results of the experiment in another laboratory.

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14 Keystone (noun)

The central and most important part of something on which all else depends. (मुख्य आधार / केंद्रीय तत्व)

Synonyms: Foundation, Cornerstone, Core, Mainstay

Antonyms: Triviality, Detail, Accessory, Nonessential

Example: Trust is the keystone of a strong relationship.

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15 Stereotype (noun/verb)

A widely held but fixed and oversimplified idea or image of a particular type of person or thing. (रूढ़ छवि / पूर्वधारणा)

Synonyms: Generalization, Label, Cliche, Assumption

Antonyms: Individuality, Uniqueness, Reality, Distinction

Example: It is unfair to stereotype people based on their appearance.

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16 Amulet (noun)

A small object worn or carried because it is believed to protect the person from bad luck or harm. (ताबीज)

Synonyms: Talisman, Charm, Token, Mascot

Antonyms: Curse, Jinx, Hex, Evil

Example: She wore a silver amulet around her neck for protection.

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17 Melodramatic (adjective)

Excessively emotional, dramatic, or exaggerated in behavior, speech, or style. (अतिनाटकीय)

Synonyms: Theatrical, Exaggerated, Overwrought, Histrionic

Antonyms: Realistic, Understated, Calm, Natural

Example: His melodramatic reaction to the small problem made everyone laugh.

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18 Contour (noun/verb)

The outline or shape of something, especially the curved outer edge. (रूपरेखा / बाहरी आकृति)

Synonyms: Outline, Shape, Profile, Form

Antonyms: Interior, Center, Core, Middle

Example: The contour of the mountain was visible against the evening sky.

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19 Ardor (noun)

Intense enthusiasm, passion, or zeal. (उत्साह / जुनून)

Synonyms: Passion, Zeal, Fervor, Enthusiasm

Antonyms: Apathy, Indifference, Unconcern, Coldness

Example: She spoke about her dream with great ardor.

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20 Threshold (noun)

The point or level at which something begins, changes, or becomes true. (सीमा रेखा / दहलीज)

Synonyms: Limit, Boundary, Brink, Cutoff

Antonyms: Continuation, Extension, Middle, Interior

Example: The temperature crossed the threshold needed to start the chemical reaction.

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1 Characterize (verb)

Describe the distinct nature or features of someone or something; be a typical feature of. (विशेषता बताना / चित्रित करना)

Synonyms: Describe, Define, Portray, Depict

Antonyms: Misrepresent, Distort, Confuse, Obscure

Example: Honesty and discipline characterize a good leader.

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2 Functional (adjective)

Designed to be practical and useful rather than attractive; working properly. (कार्यात्मक)

Synonyms: Practical, Operative, Useful, Efficient

Antonyms: Useless, Decorative, Defective, Nonfunctional

Example: The kitchen is small but highly functional.

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3 Comparative (adjective)

Measured or judged by comparison; based on showing similarities or differences between things. (तुलनात्मक)

Synonyms: Relative, Corresponding, Respective, Analogous

Antonyms: Absolute, Unrelated, Independent, Incomparable

Example: She made a comparative study of the education systems of two countries.

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4 Qualitative (adjective)

Related to the quality, character, or nature of something rather than its quantity. (गुणात्मक)

Synonyms: Descriptive, Characteristic, Subjective, Interpretive

Antonyms: Quantitative, Numerical, Measurable, Statistical

Example: The researcher used qualitative methods to understand people’s opinions and experiences.

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5 Neutralize (verb)

Render something ineffective or harmless; counteract or make it neutral. (निष्प्रभावी करना / तटस्थ करना)

Synonyms: Counteract, Nullify, Cancel, Offset

Antonyms: Strengthen, Intensify, Aggravate, Promote

Example: The medicine helped neutralize the harmful effects of the poison.

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6 Modernize (verb)

Adapt something to modern needs or habits; make it more current or up to date. (आधुनिक बनाना)

Synonyms: Update, Upgrade, Revamp, Innovate

Antonyms: Preserve, Maintain, Retain, Old-fashioned

Example: The company decided to modernize its technology systems to improve efficiency.

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7 Stabilize (verb)

Make or become steady, secure, or unlikely to change suddenly. (स्थिर करना)

Synonyms: Steady, Secure, Balance, Fortify

Antonyms: Destabilize, Disturb, Agitate, Weaken

Example: The government introduced new policies to stabilize the economy.

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8 Intensify (verb)

Become or make more intense or strong. (तीव्र करना)

Synonyms: Strengthen, Deepen, Heighten, Amplify

Antonyms: Weaken, Reduce, Lessen, Diminish

Example: The heavy rain began to intensify during the night.

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9 Analyze (verb)

Examine something carefully in detail in order to understand it or explain it. (विश्लेषण करना)

Synonyms: Examine, Inspect, Evaluate, Scrutinize

Antonyms: Ignore, Overlook, Neglect, Misinterpret

Example: The scientist will analyze the data before drawing a conclusion.

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10 Differentiate (verb)

Recognize or show the difference between things; make someone or something distinct. (अंतर करना / भिन्न करना)

Synonyms: Distinguish, Discriminate, Separate, Differentiate

Antonyms: Confuse, Mix, Combine, Merge

Example: It is important to differentiate between facts and opinions.

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11 Assertion (noun)

A confident and forceful statement of fact or belief. (दृढ़ कथन)

Synonyms: Statement, Declaration, Claim, Affirmation

Antonyms: Denial, Refutation, Contradiction, Retraction

Example: Her assertion that the report was inaccurate surprised everyone in the meeting.

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12 Contradict (verb)

Assert the opposite of a statement made by someone; deny the truth of something. (खंडन करना)

Synonyms: Deny, Oppose, Refute, Counter

Antonyms: Agree, Confirm, Support, Approve

Example: The witness did not dare to contradict the evidence presented in court.

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13 Simplistic (adjective)

Treating something as much simpler than it really is. (अतिसरलीकृत)

Synonyms: Oversimplified, Naive, Superficial, Basic

Antonyms: Thorough, Detailed, Sophisticated, Nuanced

Example: His simplistic explanation ignored the many social and economic causes behind the problem.

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14 Magnify (verb)

Make something appear larger than it really is. (बड़ा करके दिखाना)

Synonyms: Enlarge, Amplify, Expand, Exaggerate

Antonyms: Reduce, Shrink, Minimize, Lessen

Example: The microscope can magnify tiny objects so that they become clearly visible.

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15 Diversify (verb)

Make or become more varied or different. (विविध बनाना)

Synonyms: Vary, Broaden, Expand, Differentiate

Antonyms: Simplify, Limit, Narrow, Uniform

Example: Farmers should diversify their crops to reduce the risk of total loss.

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16 Inconspicuous (adjective)

Not clearly visible or attracting attention. (अस्पष्ट रूप से दिखाई देने वाला)

Synonyms: Unnoticeable, Hidden, Subtle, Obscure

Antonyms: Noticeable, Prominent, Obvious, Conspicuous

Example: He wore an inconspicuous outfit so that no one would notice him in the crowd.

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17 Integration (noun)

The act of combining or bringing together separate parts into a whole. (एकीकरण)

Synonyms: Unification, Combination, Incorporation, Consolidation

Antonyms: Separation, Division, Disintegration, Segregation

Example: The integration of technology into education has improved learning methods.

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18 Correlation (noun)

A mutual relationship or connection between two or more things. (सहसंबंध)

Synonyms: Relationship, Connection, Association, Link

Antonyms: Disconnection, Separation, Difference, Independence

Example: There is a strong correlation between regular exercise and good health.

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19 Apportion (verb)

Divide and assign in proper shares. (विभाजित करना)

Synonyms: Allocate, Distribute, Allot, Divide

Antonyms: Combine, Gather, Withhold, Keep

Example: The teacher apportioned the project work equally among all the students.

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20 Agglomerate (verb)

Collect or form into a mass or group. (एकत्र करना)

Synonyms: Gather, Assemble, Cluster, Accumulate

Antonyms: Disperse, Separate, Scatter, Divide

Example: Small firms often agglomerate in industrial areas to reduce transport costs.

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1 Reactionary (adjective/noun)

Opposing political or social progress or change, and supporting a return to older ideas or systems. (प्रतिक्रियावादी)

Synonyms: Conservative, Regressive, Orthodox, Traditionalist

Antonyms: Progressive, Reformist, Liberal, Radical

Example: The group was criticized for its reactionary views on social reform.

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2 Quarry (noun/verb)

A place where stone, sand, or minerals are dug out from the ground; also, to dig or extract stone from such a place. It can also mean the target of a hunt or search. (खदान / शिकार / खनन करना)

Synonyms: Mine, Pit, Excavation, Target

Antonyms: Fill, Cover, Restore, Protect

Example: The workers went to the quarry early in the morning to extract marble.

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3 Noncommittal (adjective)

Not expressing a clear opinion, decision, or promise. (अस्पष्ट और असंलग्न)

Synonyms: Vague, Evasive, Ambiguous, Indecisive

Antonyms: Definite, Decisive, Clear, Committed

Example: She gave a noncommittal reply when asked about her final decision.

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4 Niggardly (adjective)

Mean or unwilling to give or spend; stingy. (कंजूस)

Synonyms: Stingy, Miserly, Parsimonious, Scant

Antonyms: Generous, Liberal, Lavish, Openhanded

Example: The landlord was niggardly about repairs and refused to spend even on basic maintenance.

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5 Irradiate (verb)

To light up, expose to radiation, or make something brighter and clearer. (प्रकाशित करना / विकिरणित करना)

Synonyms: Illuminate, Brighten, Radiate, Beam

Antonyms: Darken, Obscure, Dull, Dim

Example: The morning sun began to irradiate the entire valley with golden light.

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6 Glower (verb)

To look at someone with anger or disapproval. (क्रोध या असंतोष से घूरना)

Synonyms: Stare, Scowl, Frown, Gaze

Antonyms: Smile, Approve, Admire, Praise

Example: He began to glower at his opponent after the rude comment.

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7 Excise (verb/noun)

To cut out or remove something, especially by cutting; also a tax on goods produced within a country. (काटकर निकालना / उत्पाद शुल्क)

Synonyms: Remove, Delete, Omit, Extract

Antonyms: Insert, Include, Add, Attach

Example: The editor decided to excise the unnecessary paragraph from the report.

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8 Dither (verb/noun)

To be unable to make a decision or to act nervously without a clear purpose. (हिचकिचाना / असमंजस में पड़ना)

Synonyms: Hesitate, Waver, Vacillate, Falter

Antonyms: Decide, Resolve, Persist, Proceed

Example: She began to dither before choosing the final answer in the exam.

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9 Buffoonery (noun)

Foolish or silly behaviour meant to amuse others. (मूर्खतापूर्ण हरकत)

Synonyms: Foolery, Clowning, Tomfoolery, Absurdity

Antonyms: Wisdom, Seriousness, Sense, Prudence

Example: His constant buffoonery in class distracted everyone from the lesson.

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10 Beholden (adjective)

Owing thanks or having a duty to someone because of help or kindness received. (आभारी)

Synonyms: Indebted, Obligated, Grateful, Thankful

Antonyms: Unappreciative, Ungrateful, Independent, Unobliged

Example: I am beholden to my teacher for guiding me during my preparation.

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11 Wince (verb)

To make a slight involuntary movement of the face or body caused by pain, distress, or embarrassment. (सिकुड़ जाना)

Synonyms: Flinch, Recoil, Shrink, Cringe

Antonyms: Endure, Bear, Face, Withstand

Example: She winced when the doctor touched the injured area.

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12 Tarry (verb)

To delay or stay longer than expected. (ठहरना / देर करना)

Synonyms: Linger, Delay, Loiter, Pause

Antonyms: Hurry, Rush, Leave, Depart

Example: Do not tarry on the way, because the meeting will start on time.

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13 Quackery (noun)

False or dishonest medical practice or claims; fraud in medicine. (झोलाछाप चिकित्सा)

Synonyms: Charlatanism, Fraud, Deception, Imposture

Antonyms: Honesty, Integrity, Authenticity, Legitimacy

Example: The court took action against the clinic for promoting dangerous quackery.

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14 Prudery (noun)

Excessive or exaggerated concern with being proper, modest, or easily shocked by sexual matters. (अतिशय शिष्टाचारिता)

Synonyms: Primness, Modesty, Puritanism, Strait-lacedness

Antonyms: Indecency, Impropriety, Immodesty, Boldness

Example: Her constant prudery made even ordinary conversations about relationships seem improper.

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15 Overreach (verb)

To try to do more than is reasonable or allowed, especially by going beyond proper limits. (सीमा से आगे बढ़ना)

Synonyms: Exceed, Overstep, Transgress, Encroach

Antonyms: Restrain, Limit, Obey, Comply

Example: The court said the authority had begun to overreach its legal powers.

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16 Immolate (verb)

Kill or offer as a sacrifice, especially by burning. (बलि चढ़ाना)

Synonyms: Sacrifice, Offer, Slaughter, Burn

Antonyms: Preserve, Save, Protect, Spare

Example: In the ancient ritual, the priest was believed to immolate an animal as an offering to the gods.

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17 Hanker (verb)

To strongly desire or crave for something. (लालसा करना)

Synonyms: Crave, Yearn, Long, Desire

Antonyms: Dislike, Detest, Abhor, Loathe

Example: She began to hanker for a peaceful life away from the city.

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18 Gibe (verb)

To make insulting, mocking, or taunting remarks. (ताने मारना)

Synonyms: Taunt, Mock, Jeer, Sneer

Antonyms: Praise, Compliment, Encourage, Admire

Example: The rival players began to gibe at him after his mistake on the field.

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19 Fritter (verb)

Waste time, money, or energy on unimportant things. (व्यर्थ गँवाना)

Synonyms: Squander, Waste, Dissipate, Trifle away

Antonyms: Save, Conserve, Preserve, Hoard

Example: He continued to fritter away his savings on useless purchases.

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20 Expository (adjective)

Intended to explain or describe something clearly. (व्याख्यात्मक)

Synonyms: Explanatory, Informative, Descriptive, Interpretive

Antonyms: Obscure, Confusing, Vague, Mysterious

Example: The book contains an expository passage that explains the causes of climate change.

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1 Ambition (noun)

A strong desire to achieve something great, especially through hard work and determination. (महत्वाकांक्षा)

Synonyms: Aspiration, Aim, Desire, Goal

Antonyms: Apathy, Indifference, Contentment, Laziness

Example: Her ambition to become an IAS officer kept her focused on her studies.

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2 Disposition (noun)

A person's inherent qualities of mind and character; a tendency or usual mood. (स्वभाव)

Synonyms: Temperament, Nature, Inclination, Tendency

Antonyms: Aversion, Reluctance, Disinclination, Unwillingness

Example: Her cheerful disposition made her popular among her classmates.

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3 Grandeur (noun)

Splendor and magnificence, especially in appearance or style. (भव्यता)

Synonyms: Magnificence, Splendor, Majesty, Glory

Antonyms: Simplicity, Plainness, Humility, Modesty

Example: The grandeur of the palace left every visitor amazed.

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4 Plunder (verb)

Steal goods by force, especially during a war, riot, or disaster. (लूटना)

Synonyms: Loot, Rob, Pillage, Ransack

Antonyms: Protect, Safeguard, Preserve, Guard

Example: The invading army began to plunder the villages for food and valuables.

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5 Scarcity (noun)

The state of being in short supply; shortage of something. (कमी)

Synonyms: Shortage, Deficiency, Insufficiency, Lack

Antonyms: Abundance, Plenty, Surplus, Excess

Example: The scarcity of clean drinking water became a serious problem in the village.

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6 Adversity (noun)

A difficult or unpleasant situation; hardship or misfortune. (विपत्ति)

Synonyms: Hardship, Misfortune, Trouble, Distress

Antonyms: Prosperity, Advantage, Comfort, Fortune

Example: She faced great adversity in her early life but never lost hope.

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7 Malice (noun)

The intention or desire to do evil or cause harm to someone. (द्वेषभाव)

Synonyms: Hatred, Spite, Ill will, Malevolence

Antonyms: Kindness, Benevolence, Goodwill, Compassion

Example: He spoke with such malice that everyone in the room felt uncomfortable.

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8 Refurbish (verb)

Renovate and redecorate something, especially a building, room, or piece of furniture. (नवीनीकरण करना)

Synonyms: Renovate, Restore, Repair, Recondition

Antonyms: Damage, Deteriorate, Ruin, Neglect

Example: The company decided to refurbish the old office before moving its staff back in.

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9 Premeditated (adjective)

Thought out or planned in advance, especially before doing something wrong or harmful. (पूर्वनियोजित)

Synonyms: Planned, Deliberate, Intentional, Calculated

Antonyms: Spontaneous, Unplanned, Impulsive, Accidental

Example: The attack was clearly premeditated and not an act of sudden anger.

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10 Consanguinity (noun)

The state of being related by blood or having a common ancestry. (रक्त-संबंध)

Synonyms: Kinship, Blood relationship, Lineage, Ancestry

Antonyms: Unrelatedness, Nonrelation, Estrangement, Separation

Example: The royal family carefully recorded every line of consanguinity in its genealogy.

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11 Inanition (noun)

Extreme weakness caused by lack of food or nourishment; exhaustion from deprivation. (क्षीणता / कुपोषणजनित दुर्बलता)

Synonyms: Exhaustion, Starvation, Weakness, Depletion

Antonyms: Nourishment, Strength, Vitality, Robustness

Example: After days without proper food, the prisoners suffered severe inanition.

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12 Apostrophe (noun)

A figure of speech in which a speaker directly addresses an absent person, an abstract idea, or a thing as if it were present and able to respond. (सम्बोधन अलंकार)

Synonyms: Address, Invocation, Appeal, Direct address

Antonyms: Narration, Description, Indirectness, Detachment

Example: In poetry, the line O Death, where is thy sting? is a famous example of apostrophe.

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13 Noctambulist (noun)

A person who walks while asleep; a sleepwalker. (निद्राचारी)

Synonyms: Sleepwalker, Somnambulist, Nightwalker, Noctambule

Antonyms: Early bird, Day person, Wakeful person, Diurnal person

Example: The family grew worried when the noctambulist wandered into the garden at midnight.

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14 Anaphora (noun)

The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses, sentences, or lines. (अनाफोरा / आरंभिक पुनरावृत्ति)

Synonyms: Repetition, Recurrence, Restatement, Parallelism

Antonyms: Variation, Difference, Change, Irregularity

Example: In the speech, the repeated use of we shall at the beginning of consecutive lines created a powerful anaphora.

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15 Polygamy (noun)

The practice of having more than one spouse at the same time. (बहुविवाह)

Synonyms: Plural marriage, Multiple marriage, Bigamy, Polyandry

Antonyms: Monogamy, Single marriage, Exclusive union, One-spouse marriage

Example: In some societies, polygamy has been practiced as a cultural tradition.

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16 Abscission (noun)

The natural separation or dropping off of a part of a plant, such as a leaf, flower, or fruit. (विच्छेदन / झड़ना)

Synonyms: Separation, Detachment, Shedding, Severance

Antonyms: Attachment, Union, Joining, Connection

Example: In autumn, abscission causes many trees to lose their leaves.

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17 Interstice (noun)

A small space between things or parts; an intervening gap or interval. (अंतराल / छोटी दरार)

Synonyms: Gap, Crevice, Interval, Space

Antonyms: Continuity, Solidness, Closure, Union

Example: Tiny flowers were growing in the interstices between the stones of the old wall.

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18 Reify (verb)

To make something abstract more concrete or real; to treat an idea as if it were a real thing. (अमूर्त को मूर्त रूप देना)

Synonyms: Materialize, Embody, Objectify, Substantiate

Antonyms: Abstract, Conceal, Dissolve, Ignore

Example: Many social theories reify concepts like class or nation as if they were living entities.

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19 Efflorescence (noun)

The state or process of flowering; a period of great development, activity, or prosperity. (प्रस्फुटन / उत्कर्ष)

Synonyms: Bloom, Flowering, Flourishing, Peak

Antonyms: Decline, Deterioration, Withering, Decay

Example: The Renaissance marked an efflorescence of art, culture, and learning in Europe.

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20 Confabulate (verb)

Talk casually for a long time; also, to invent false details without the intention to deceive. (काल्पनिक बातें गढ़ना / अनौपचारिक बातचीत करना)

Synonyms: Chat, Converse, Fabricate, Invent

Antonyms: Conceal, Suppress, Hide, Withhold

Example: He began to confabulate about his school days, mixing real memories with imagined ones.

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1 Monetize (verb)

Convert something into money or make it profitable. (किसी चीज़ को धन में बदलना या उससे लाभ कमाना)

Synonyms: Commercialize, Capitalize, Profit, Exploit

Antonyms: Lose, Spend, Waste, Devalue

Example: Many content creators monetize their videos through advertisements and sponsorships.

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2 Orwellian (adjective)

Characteristic of an oppressive government, especially involving control, surveillance, and manipulation of truth. (दमनकारी शासन से संबंधित, विशेषकर निगरानी, नियंत्रण और सत्य के हेरफेर वाला)

Synonyms: Totalitarian, Oppressive, Authoritarian, Repressive

Antonyms: Democratic, Liberal, Free, Open

Example: The novel describes an Orwellian society where citizens are constantly watched and truth is controlled by the state.

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3 Pigeonhole (verb)

Put someone or something into a fixed category or type, often unfairly or too simply. (किसी व्यक्ति या वस्तु को एक निश्चित श्रेणी में रख देना)

Synonyms: Classify, Categorize, Label, Typecast

Antonyms: Differentiate, Distinguish, Separate, Individualize

Example: People should not pigeonhole her just because of her background.

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4 Lilliputian (adjective/noun)

Extremely small; a very small person or thing. (अत्यंत छोटा / बहुत छोटा व्यक्ति या वस्तु)

Synonyms: Tiny, Minute, Miniature, Diminutive

Antonyms: Huge, Gigantic, Enormous, Massive

Example: The model village looked lilliputian beside the tall buildings around it.

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5 Stratification (noun)

The arrangement or classification of something into different layers, groups, or levels. (स्तरीकरण / विभिन्न स्तरों में विभाजन)

Synonyms: Layering, Classification, Segregation, Ranking

Antonyms: Mixing, Unification, Integration, Blending

Example: Social stratification often divides society into different classes based on wealth, status, and power.

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6 Cloture (noun)

A procedure in a legislative assembly to end debate and force a vote. (विधायी सभा में बहस समाप्त कर मतदान कराने की प्रक्रिया)

Synonyms: Closure, Cutoff, Limitation, Termination

Antonyms: Continuation, Extension, Delay, Prolongation

Example: The senate invoked cloture to bring the long debate to an end and move toward voting.

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7 Balkanize (verb)

Divide a place, group, or country into smaller and often hostile parts. (छोटे और अक्सर शत्रुतापूर्ण भागों में विभाजित करना)

Synonyms: Fragment, Divide, Split, Disunite

Antonyms: Unite, Consolidate, Merge, Integrate

Example: Ethnic tensions threatened to balkanize the region into rival states.

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8 Osmosis (noun)

A process in which water moves from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane. (अर्धपारगम्य झिल्ली के माध्यम से जल का कम विलेय सान्द्रता वाले क्षेत्र से अधिक विलेय सान्द्रता वाले क्षेत्र की ओर गमन)

Synonyms: Diffusion, Absorption, Penetration, Permeation

Antonyms: Blockage, Prevention, Stoppage, Obstruction

Example: Water enters the plant roots by osmosis through the cell membrane.

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9 Entropy (noun)

A measure of disorder or randomness in a system. (अव्यवस्था या अनियमितता का माप)

Synonyms: Disorder, Randomness, Chaos, Uncertainty

Antonyms: Order, Stability, Regularity, Organization

Example: As the ice melted, the entropy of the system increased.

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10 Orthogonal (adjective)

Relating to or involving right angles; independent or unrelated. (समकोणीय / स्वतंत्र)

Synonyms: Perpendicular, Independent, Unrelated, Separate

Antonyms: Parallel, Dependent, Related, Connected

Example: The two lines are orthogonal, meeting at a perfect right angle.

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11 Decouple (verb)

To separate, disconnect, or make two things no longer linked or dependent on each other. (अलग करना)

Synonyms: Separate, Disconnect, Detach, Unlink

Antonyms: Connect, Link, Join, Combine

Example: The company is trying to decouple its growth from rising energy consumption.

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12 Oligopoly (noun)

A market structure in which a few large sellers control or dominate the market. (अल्पाधिकार)

Synonyms: Cartel, Duopoly, Concentration, Dominance

Antonyms: Competition, Monopoly-free market, Open market, Perfect competition

Example: The telecom industry in many countries works like an oligopoly, with only a few major companies controlling prices and services.

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13 Bankruptcy (noun)

The state of being unable to pay debts and officially declared insolvent. (दिवालियापन)

Synonyms: Insolvency, Ruin, Collapse, Failure

Antonyms: Solvency, Prosperity, Success, Wealth

Example: The company filed for bankruptcy after suffering heavy financial losses for several years.

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14 Multilateral (adjective)

Involving more than two countries, groups, or parties. (बहुपक्षीय)

Synonyms: Collective, Cooperative, International, Joint

Antonyms: Unilateral, Bilateral, Individual, Single-sided

Example: The nations signed a multilateral agreement to promote regional trade and security.

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15 Gridlock (noun)

A situation in which no progress can be made because of disagreement or obstruction, or when roads are so blocked that traffic cannot move. (गतिरोध)

Synonyms: Deadlock, Impasse, Stalemate, Jam

Antonyms: Progress, Breakthrough, Movement, Solution

Example: The city remained in gridlock for hours after the accident blocked the main roads.

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16 Bailout (noun)

Financial help given to a person, company, or country in difficulty. (वित्तीय सहायता)

Synonyms: Rescue, Assistance, Relief, Support

Antonyms: Neglect, Abandonment, Refusal, Withdrawal

Example: The government announced a bailout for the struggling airline company.

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17 Clout (noun)

Influence or power, especially in politics, business, or social situations. (प्रभाव)

Synonyms: Influence, Power, Authority, Sway

Antonyms: Weakness, Powerlessness, Inferiority, Impotence

Example: She has enough clout in the company to change the final decision.

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18 Spearhead (verb)

To lead or be the driving force behind an activity, plan, or movement. (नेतृत्व करना)

Synonyms: Lead, Initiate, Direct, Champion

Antonyms: Follow, Obey, Neglect, Abandon

Example: She was chosen to spearhead the campaign for environmental awareness.

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19 Fallout (noun)

The negative results or bad effects that follow an event or situation. (दुष्परिणाम)

Synonyms: Aftermath, Repercussion, Consequence, Outcome

Antonyms: Benefit, Advantage, Gain, Blessing

Example: The company faced serious fallout after the scandal became public.

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20 Logjam (noun)

A situation in which progress is blocked or stopped. (गतिरोध)

Synonyms: Deadlock, Impasse, Stalemate, Gridlock

Antonyms: Breakthrough, Progress, Advance, Solution

Example: The negotiations reached a logjam due to disagreement between both sides.

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