Pellet guns part of graded police response, says SC

The Hindu

03,Aug,2026

Pellet guns part of graded police response, says SC

Top court touches on ‘exceptional circumstances’ for their use without expanding on it; state must not meet students’ protests with brutality, Bench says, but flags the possible ‘hijacking’ of protests

The Supreme Court on Thursday said the use of pellet guns by the police in “exceptional circumstances” was part of a graded approach to break civilian protests.

The court, however, did not expand on which “exceptional circumstances” justified the use of pellet guns, nor did it ask the Union government for an explanation during the hearing.

“Police rules allow the use [of pellet guns] in exceptional circumstances. One of the graded responses is the use of pellet guns,” Justice Joymalya Bagchi, one of the three judges on the Bench headed by Chief Justice of India Surya Kant, observed orally. Hesitant to consider a blanket ban on pellet guns, the court said it would examine particular incidents during which the police had used pellet guns indiscriminately or arbitrarily in violation of the standard regulations mapping graded responses for crowd control.

The court was hearing a petition filed by former Indian Police Service (IPS) officer Yashovardhan Azad, and two pellet injury victims, Prashant Kumar Singh and Shekh Irshad Mansoori, primarily for a direction to ban the use of kinetic metallic pellets by law enforcement agencies on civilian assemblies.

The petition argued that the use of projectile-activated guns (PAG) or pellet guns loaded with partly or wholly metallic pellets for crowd dispersal fails the constitutional tests of necessity, proportionality, and reasonableness.

Though the court “completely agreed” that the state must meet students’ protests with non-violence and not brutality, the Bench flagged the possibility of unscrupulous elements “hijacking” a bona fide students’ protest, driving it into a spiral of violence.

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